一、密钥生成
前往ssh存储路径
mac：cd ~/.ssh
win：cd C:\Users\用户名\.ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C xx@xxxxx.com
Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/mac/.ssh/id_ed25519): xxxx
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
说明：一般git服务器登录页面后账号设置中 SSH Keys 管理都会说明如何添加导入
- -t 指密钥的类型，gitee举例ed25519，github举例ed25519，coding举例rsa
- -C 指注释 一般填写邮箱地址
- Enter File 提示你输入要生成的密钥文件名
- Enter passphrase 提示你要输入的密钥密码 (不输入默认确认默认为空，如果设置请记录后续会用到)
- Enter same 提示确认输入密码
二、多个密钥管理
1、举例：创建分别为gitee、coding、github、bitbucket生成了四组密钥对
mac@Mac-Pro .ssh % ls
bitbucket coding config gitee.pub github.pub
bitbucket.pub coding.pub gitee github
2、使用ssh-add 命令添加私钥
ssh-add ~/.ssh/gitee
Identity added: /Users/mac/.ssh/gitee (xx@xxxxx.com)
ssh-add ~/.ssh/coding
Identity added: /Users/mac/.ssh/coding (xx@xxxxx.com)
ssh-add ~/.ssh/github
Identity added: /Users/mac/.ssh/github (xx@xxxxx.com)
ssh-add ~/.ssh/bitbucket
Identity added: /Users/mac/.ssh/bitbucket (xx@xxxxx.com)
说明: 如果在Enter passphrase 过程中设置了密码，此操作需要输入当时密码
添加成功会有对应提示：Identity added
3、检查已添加的私钥
ssh-add -l
mac@Mac-Pro .ssh % ssh-add -l
256 SHA256:a7qJ45YL+bLodKdOrxx2a28P9V2igRlPU xx@xxxxx.com (ED25519)
3072 SHA256:KHunn5oxHSxxxxU8YkikEsyxxX/VpOY xx@xxxxx.com (RSA)
3072 SHA256:vu+3aiCKGDcTgRNyCxxxxxEbwQ6r15tQWRGg xx@xxxxx.com (RSA)
3072 SHA256:sMzqOy2nf3SHxxxxxxxx1gqmuCx9qSMLz0mk xx@xxxxx.com (RSA)
4、添加config文件
创建config文件
touch config
文件内容：
# gitee
Host gitee
HostName gitee.com
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/gitee
User yaod
# github
Host github
HostName github.com
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/github
User yaod
# coding
Host coding
HostName kitsudo-01.coding.net
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/coding
User yaod
# BitBucket
Host bucket
HostName 192.168.1.22
Port 7999
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/bucket
User yaod
说明
- Host example # 关键词 区分用
- HostName example.com # 主机地址，如果是ip填写ip地址
- User root # 用户名
- IdentityFile ~/.ssh/xxx # 认证文件，私钥
- PreferredAuthentications publickey # 配置值为publickey，优先使用publickey身份验证
- Port 22 # 指定端口，如果ip加端口号，需要填写端口号
4、在相应服务端配置公钥
对应的xx.pub中copy公钥数据，粘贴到服务端Add key的位置。
5、连通测试 举例
ssh -T git@gitee.com
The authenticity of host 'gitee.com (212.64.63.215)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:+ULzij2u99B9eWYFTw1Q4ErYG/aepHLbu96PAUCoV88.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'gitee.com' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
Hi xxx! You've successfully authenticated, but GITEE.COM does not provide shell access.
ssh -T git@e.coding.net
CODING 提示: Hello xxx, You've connected to coding.net via SSH. This is a Personal Key.
有些服务可能会提示host主机不受信任，可添加信任列表解决，例如上面的212.64.63.215 gitee.com
sudo vim /etc/hosts
212.64.63.215 gitee.com
带端口号的连通测试
ssh -p 7999 -T git@192.168.1.22
出现成功字样表明连通成功，可使用ssh地址操作远程仓库
三、参考文章
Git高级之配置多个SSH key
Mac下ssh登录测试报错“Could not resolve hostname xxx: nodename nor servname provided, or not known”的解决办法
