1 项目配置
- 单个配置 @Value
- 对象配置 @ConfigurationProperties
// application.yml
limit:
minMoney: 1
maxMoney: 9999
description: 最少要发${limit.minMoney}元, 最多${limit.maxMoney}元
// LimitConfig.java
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "limit")
public class LimitConfig {
private BigDecimal minMoney;
private BigDecimal maxMoney;
private String description;
// ......
}
- 使用启动命令区分开发环境和线上环境
2 Controller
类注解
- @Controller + @ResponseBody = @RestController 请求处理类 + 返回格式
- @RequestMapping(path) 统一为请求设置路径
@RestController
public class HelloController {
}
方法注解
- @GetMapping(path) Get 请求方式
- @PostMapping(path) Post 请求方式
参数注解
- @PathVariable 获取url中的数据
- @RequestParam 获取请求参数的值
@PostMapping("/say")
public String say(@RequestParam(value = "id", required = false, defaultValue = "0") Integer myId) {
return "id:" + myId;
}
3 数据库
- SpringDataJpa
// application.yml
spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/luckymoney?characterEncoding=utf-8
username: root
password: 123456
jpa:
hibernate:
ddl-auto: update
show-sql: true
// LuckmoneyRepository.java
public interface LuckmoneyRepository extends JpaRepository<Luckymoney, Integer> {
}
4 事务
- @Transactional 开启事务，同时注意数据库也要支持事务
@Service
public class LuckymoneyService {
@Autowired
private LuckmoneyRepository repository;
@Transactional
public void createTwo() {
// ......
}
}
5 表单验证
- @Valid 标记验证
- BindingResult 返回验证信息
// BuyerOrderController.java
@PostMapping("/create")
public ResultVO<Map<String, String>> create(@Valid OrderForm orderForm,
BindingResult bindingResult) {
if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
log.error("【创建订单】参数不正确, orderForm={}", orderForm);
throw new SellException(ResultEnum.PARAM_ERROR.getCode(),
bindingResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage());
}
// ......
}
// OrderForm.java
@Data
public class OrderForm {
/**
* 买家手机号
*/
@NotEmpty(message = "手机号必填")
private String phone;
// ......
}
6 AOP
类注解
- @Aspect
方法注解
- @Before 切面之上执行
- @After 切面之下执行
- @doAfterReturning 获取返回数据
参数注解
- @Pointcut 方法标记
- RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes() 获取请求信息
@Aspect
public class SellerAuthorizeAspect {
@Pointcut("execution(public * com.imooc.controller.Seller*.*(..))" +
"&& !execution(public * com.imooc.controller.SellerUserController.*(..))")
public void verify() {}
@Before("verify()")
public void doVerify() {
ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
// ......
}
@After("verify()")
public void doAfterReturning() {
}
@doAfterReturning(returning = "object", pointcut = "verify()")
public void doAfterReturning(Object object) {
}
}
7 统一异常处理
- 统一返回格式，code message data
public class ResultVO<T> implements Serializable {
private Integer code;
private String msg;
private T data;
}
- 在逻辑中抛出异常，之后统一捕获异常
// Controller
@PostMapping("/create")
public ResultVO<Map<String, String>> create(@Valid OrderForm orderForm,
BindingResult bindingResult) {
if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
log.error("【创建订单】参数不正确, orderForm={}", orderForm);
throw new SellException(ResultEnum.PARAM_ERROR.getCode(),
bindingResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage());
}
// ......
}
类注解
- @ControllerAdvice
方法注解
- @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
@ControllerAdvice
public class SellExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(value = SellException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ResultVO handlerSellerException(SellException e) {
return ResultVOUtil.error(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
}
}
- 自定义异常 + 枚举
public enum ResultEnum {
SUCCESS(0, "成功"),
PARAM_ERROR(1, "参数不正确"),
PRODUCT_NOT_EXIST(10, "商品不存在"),
// ......
}
8 单元测试
Service 测试
类注解
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
方法注解
- @Test
Controller 测试涉及到URL，传参，所以还需要下面这些
类注解
- @AutoConfigureMockMvc
参数注解
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
// 使用 MockMvc 的 API 进行测试逻辑
