1 项目配置

• 单个配置 @Value
• 对象配置 @ConfigurationProperties

// application.yml
limit:
  minMoney: 1
  maxMoney: 9999
  description: 最少要发${limit.minMoney}元, 最多${limit.maxMoney}元

// LimitConfig.java
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "limit")
public class LimitConfig {

    private BigDecimal minMoney;

    private BigDecimal maxMoney;

    private String description;

    // ......
}

• 使用启动命令区分开发环境和线上环境

2 Controller

类注解

• @Controller + @ResponseBody = @RestController 请求处理类 + 返回格式
• @RequestMapping(path) 统一为请求设置路径

@RestController
public class HelloController {
}

方法注解

• @GetMapping(path) Get 请求方式
• @PostMapping(path) Post 请求方式

参数注解

• @PathVariable 获取url中的数据
• @RequestParam 获取请求参数的值

@PostMapping("/say")
public String say(@RequestParam(value = "id", required = false, defaultValue = "0") Integer myId) {
    return "id:" + myId;
}

3 数据库

• SpringDataJpa

// application.yml
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/luckymoney?characterEncoding=utf-8
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update
    show-sql: true
    
// LuckmoneyRepository.java
public interface LuckmoneyRepository extends JpaRepository<Luckymoney, Integer> {
}    

4 事务

• @Transactional 开启事务，同时注意数据库也要支持事务

@Service
public class LuckymoneyService {

    @Autowired
    private LuckmoneyRepository repository;

    @Transactional
    public void createTwo() {
        // ......
    }
}

5 表单验证

• @Valid 标记验证
• BindingResult 返回验证信息

// BuyerOrderController.java
@PostMapping("/create")
public ResultVO<Map<String, String>> create(@Valid OrderForm orderForm,
                                            BindingResult bindingResult) {
    if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
        log.error("【创建订单】参数不正确, orderForm={}", orderForm);
        throw new SellException(ResultEnum.PARAM_ERROR.getCode(),
                bindingResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage());
    }
    // ......
}

// OrderForm.java
@Data
public class OrderForm {

    /**
     * 买家手机号
     */
    @NotEmpty(message = "手机号必填")
    private String phone;
    // ......
}

6 AOP

类注解

• @Aspect

方法注解

• @Before 切面之上执行
• @After 切面之下执行
• @doAfterReturning 获取返回数据

参数注解

• @Pointcut 方法标记

• RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes() 获取请求信息

@Aspect
public class SellerAuthorizeAspect {

    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.imooc.controller.Seller*.*(..))" +
    "&& !execution(public * com.imooc.controller.SellerUserController.*(..))")
    public void verify() {}

    @Before("verify()")
    public void doVerify() {
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        // ......
    }
    
    @After("verify()")
    public void doAfterReturning() {
        
    }
    
    @doAfterReturning(returning = "object", pointcut = "verify()")
    public void doAfterReturning(Object object) {
    }
}

7 统一异常处理

• 统一返回格式，code message data

public class ResultVO<T> implements Serializable {
    private Integer code;
    private String msg;
    private T data;
}

• 在逻辑中抛出异常，之后统一捕获异常

// Controller
@PostMapping("/create")
public ResultVO<Map<String, String>> create(@Valid OrderForm orderForm,
                                            BindingResult bindingResult) {
    if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
        log.error("【创建订单】参数不正确, orderForm={}", orderForm);
        throw new SellException(ResultEnum.PARAM_ERROR.getCode(),
                bindingResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage());
    }
    // ......
}

类注解

• @ControllerAdvice

方法注解

• @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)

@ControllerAdvice
public class SellExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(value = SellException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultVO handlerSellerException(SellException e) {
        return ResultVOUtil.error(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
    }
}

• 自定义异常 + 枚举

public enum ResultEnum {
    SUCCESS(0, "成功"),
    PARAM_ERROR(1, "参数不正确"),
    PRODUCT_NOT_EXIST(10, "商品不存在"),
    // ......
}

8 单元测试

Service 测试

类注解

• @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
• @SpringBootTest

方法注解

• @Test

Controller 测试涉及到URL，传参，所以还需要下面这些

类注解

• @AutoConfigureMockMvc

参数注解

@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
// 使用 MockMvc 的 API 进行测试逻辑