select 查询列表(3)
from 表 (1)
【where 筛选条件】(2)
order by 排序列表 【asc | desc】(4)
特点:
1、asc代表的是升序,desc代表的是降序
如果不写,默认是升序
2、order by 字句中可以支持单个字段、多个字段、表达式、函数、别名
3、order by 字句一般放在查询语句的最后面,但limit字句除外
案例1:查询员工信息,要求工资从高到低排序
USE myemployees;
SELECT
*
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
salary;
SELECT
*
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
salary DESC;
案例2:查询部门编号>=90的员工信息,按入职时间进行排序【添加筛选条件】
SELECT
*
FROM
employees
WHERE
department_id >= 90
ORDER BY
hiredate
案例3:按年薪的高低显示员工的信息和年薪【按表达式排序】
SELECT
*,salary*12*(1+IFNULL(commission_pct,0))
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
salary*12*(1+commission_pct) DESC;
案例4:按年薪的高低显示员工的信息和年薪【按别名排序】
SELECT
*,salary*12*(1+IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) 年薪
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
年薪 DESC;
案例5:按姓名的长度显示员工的信息和年薪【按函数排序】
SELECT
*,salary*12*(1+IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) 年薪
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
LENGTH(CONCAT(first_name,last_name));
案例6:查询员工信息,要求先按工资排序,再按员工编号排序
【按多个字段排序】
SELECT
*
FROM
employees
ORDER BY
salary ASC,employee_id DESC;
练习
练习1:选择工资不在8000到17000的员工的姓名和工资,按工资降序
SELECT last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary NOT BETWEEN 8000 AND 17000
ORDER BY salary DESC
练习2:查询邮箱中包含e的员工信息,并先按邮箱的字节数降序,再按部门号升序
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE email LIKE '%e%'
ORDER BY LENGTH(email) DESC,department_id;