这是一篇可以直接给到孩子看的文章。

上一篇文章，我们从词汇相关的三个深度层面，为大家介绍了英语学习中总是被不同人提及到的“词汇量”到底是什么意思。今天，我们就为大家介绍下，最适合中国孩子增加词汇量的秘诀：在精读中学习词汇必须掌握的“结合上下文”猜词（意）的4个最有效的小方法。

对“上下文中的词汇”含义的把握，包括两个要点：1、什么是词义，2、什么是上下文。

[词义]本质上就是“猜测词义”（figure out the meaning）

[上下文]就是该词周围的词和邻近的句子

方法一

寻找周围单词的同义词线索

例：The beautiful girl knew she was gorgeous.

Gorgeous 周围的单词中，很容易判断出beautiful和gergeous一样都是修饰girl的，意思相近；

在读完文章后，把生词在原文中的对应线索和英英词典中的释义在进行比对，加深理解，形成该上下文场景中的词汇含义记忆。

Gorgeous: very beautiful or pleasant 华丽的，灿烂的；极好的

What a gorgeous room/dress/colour! 多漂亮的房间／连衣裙／颜色啊！

The bride looked gorgeous. 新娘看上去美极了。

The weather was so gorgeous. 天气非常宜人。

方法二

寻找周围单词的反义词线索

例：After facing the tumult of the black Friday sales, the shopper longed for a calm lunch.

根据after以及后面的clam lunch，能够推断出tumult意思是calm的反义的含义。

tumult: a loud noise, especially that produced by an excited crowd, or a state of confusion, change, or uncertainty 吵闹，喧哗；骚乱，混乱

You couldn't hear her speak over the tumult from the screaming fans.在那些尖叫的歌迷的喧闹声中，你根本无法听清她在说什么。

From every direction, people were running and shouting and falling over each other in a tumult of confusion.在一片骚乱中，人们四处狂奔，大喊大叫，你绊倒我我绊倒你。

The financial markets are in tumult.金融市场一片混乱。

方法三

单词周围的列举、例子或者定义

例：Her atrocious day included getting a speeding ticket, failing a test, and losing her keys.

根据后面的列举，很容易判断出artrocious的是bad这个方向的意思，从而平滑过渡对该句的理解。

atrocious: of very bad quality 恶劣的，糟糕的，差劲的

an atrocious film/piece of acting糟糕透顶的电影／表演

The weather has been atrocious all week.整整一星期天气都很糟糕。

Conditions in the prison were atrocious.监狱中条件极其恶劣。

方法四

根据生活经验和常识推断

例：The instructor was flabbergasted when a snowman walked into her classroom.

当一个雪人走进教室时，老师的反应是？根据我们的尝试推断应该是惊讶。

Flabbergast: to shock someone, usually by telling that person something they were not expecting 使大吃一惊，使目瞪口呆

He was flabbergasted when we told him how cheap it was.

我们告诉他这东西有多便宜时，他惊得目瞪口呆。

复习

我们再来复习刚刚讲过的4个方法

1、寻找周围单词的同义词线索

2、寻找周围单词的反义词线索

3、单词周围的列举、例子或者定义

4、根据生活经验和常识推断

练习

下面我们来练习下学习效果

练习一： 请思考下图段落中的prudent是什么意思呢？

答案：prudent: 谨慎的，文章中"prudent"后面的"acting with great caution and care"正好就是它的英文解释，这是我们上面讲过的“方法三，单词周围的列举、例子或者定义”。

练习二： 请思考下图段落中的Procrastinated是什么意思呢？

根据接下来的列举的例子，可以推断出是delay，put off的意思。

测试

为大家留一道测试题（附答案解析）

请边读边快速对照上下文判断段落中加粗单词的含义。

It was time for the band to march on the field. The crowd was ecstatic! People screamed and cheered showing their excitement. The music intensified, or increased, in volume. Unlike her timid friends, Morgan was unafraid to perform in front of the roaring crowd. After the show, the crowd gave a standing ovation. The fans stood and clapped to show their appreciation for such a great performance.

回复“0529”这4个数字到迈塔学习社区，获取答案及解析。​