记录使用ubuntu系统过程中产生的问题

使用版本：20.04

vim清除所有内容

:%d

切换源

清华源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

sudo apt-get update

配置环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc

最后一行加入export 变量名=变量值

source ~/.bashrc

mysql相关

mysql安装与初始化配置

安装：

sudo apt update

sudo apt install mysql-server

初始化配置 sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
#  (选择N ,不会进行密码的强校验)
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N
Please set the password for root here.

New password: ******

Re-enter new password: ******
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
#  (选择N，不删除匿名用户)
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N

 ... skipping.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
#  N (选择N，允许root远程连接)
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

#   N (选择N，不删除test数据库)
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N

 ... skipping.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
#  Y (选择Y，修改权限立即生效)
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

All done!

配置远程访问：

找到 bind-address 修改值为 0.0.0.0(如果需要远程访问) sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

重启mysql sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

设置密码

sudo mysql -uroot -p

use mysql;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
UPDATE user SET host = '%' WHERE user = 'root'; 
flush privileges; 
quit;

mysql卸载

sudo apt-get remove mysql-common
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge mysql-server-8.0
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql/ /var/lib/mysql
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt autoclean
#sudo apt autoreclean

检查mysql服务状态

systemctl status mysql.service

mysql可视化工具

下载workbench

查看进程

ps -ef|grep mysql

报错相关

执行 sudo apt-get update报错如下：

仓库 “http://ppa.launchpad.net/hzwhuang/ss-qt5/ubuntu focal Release” 没有 Release 文件

解决:

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hzwhuang-ubuntu-ss-qt5-focal.list 注释掉 ppa 那行

sudo apt-get update

安装 workbench 时报错如下

//sudo dpkg -i mysql-workbench-community_8.0.20-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
正在选中未选择的软件包 mysql-workbench-community。
(正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 202776 个文件和目录。)
准备解压 mysql-workbench-community_8.0.20-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb  ...
正在解压 mysql-workbench-community (8.0.20-1ubuntu20.04) ...
dpkg: 依赖关系问题使得 mysql-workbench-community 的配置工作不能继续：
 mysql-workbench-community 依赖于 libmysqlclient21；然而：
  未安装软件包 libmysqlclient21。
 mysql-workbench-community 依赖于 libpcrecpp0v5 (>= 7.7)；然而：
  未安装软件包 libpcrecpp0v5。
 mysql-workbench-community 依赖于 libpython2.7 (>= 2.7)；然而：
  未安装软件包 libpython2.7。
 mysql-workbench-community 依赖于 libzip5 (>= 0.10)；然而：
  未安装软件包 libzip5。

dpkg: 处理软件包 mysql-workbench-community (--install)时出错：
 依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置
正在处理用于 desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) 的触发器 ...
正在处理用于 gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) 的触发器 ...
正在处理用于 mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) 的触发器 ...
正在处理用于 hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) 的触发器 ...
正在处理用于 shared-mime-info (1.15-1) 的触发器 ...
在处理时有错误发生：
 mysql-workbench-community

解决：
sudo apt-get -f install