一、Camera2 的主要成员
CameraManager、CameraDevice、CameraCharacteristics、CameraRequest与CameraRequest.Builder、CameraCaptureSession以及CaptureResult。
CF13929B-E7B2-40DB-AE95-F2B62EAF2B53.png
二、开发流程
1. 开发相机必须的的权限就是Manifest.permission.CAMERA了，所以第一步要在Manifest中添加Camera permission：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" /></pre>
如果是6.0以上的手机还要动态申请权限，关于权限这块大家可以使用PermissionUtil全局管理。
2.获取CameraManager实例 开启相机
private void openCamera(int width, int height) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(), Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
requestCameraPermission();
return;
}
setUpCameraOutputs(width, height);
configureTransform(width, height);
Activity activity = getActivity();
CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) activity.getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
try {
if (!mCameraOpenCloseLock.tryAcquire(2500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
throw new RuntimeException("Time out waiting to lock camera opening.");
}
manager.openCamera(mCameraId, mStateCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted while trying to lock camera opening.", e);
}
}
3.当相机成功打开后会回调onOpened方法，这里可以拿到CameraDevice对象，也就是具体的摄像头设备
private final CameraDevice.StateCallback mStateCallback = new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {
@Override
public void onOpened(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice) {
// This method is called when the camera is opened. We start camera preview here.
mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
mCameraDevice = cameraDevice;
createCameraPreviewSession();
}
@Override
public void onDisconnected(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice) {
mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
cameraDevice.close();
mCameraDevice = null;
}
@Override
public void onError(@NonNull CameraDevice cameraDevice, int error) {
mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
cameraDevice.close();
mCameraDevice = null;
Activity activity = getActivity();
if (null != activity) {
activity.finish();
}
}
};
4.设置相机一些参数 包括方向
private void setUpCameraOutputs(int width, int height) {
Activity activity = getActivity();
CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) activity.getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
try {
for (String cameraId : manager.getCameraIdList()) {
CameraCharacteristics characteristics
= manager.getCameraCharacteristics(cameraId);
// We don't use a front facing camera in this sample.
Integer facing = characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING);
if (facing != null && facing == CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
continue;
}
StreamConfigurationMap map = characteristics.get(
CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP);
if (map == null) {
continue;
}
// For still image captures, we use the largest available size.
Size largest = Collections.max(
Arrays.asList(map.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.JPEG)),
new CompareSizesByArea());
mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largest.getWidth(), largest.getHeight(),
ImageFormat.JPEG, /*maxImages*/2);
mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(
mOnImageAvailableListener, mBackgroundHandler);
// Find out if we need to swap dimension to get the preview size relative to sensor
// coordinate.
int displayRotation = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
//noinspection ConstantConditions
mSensorOrientation = characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.SENSOR_ORIENTATION);
boolean swappedDimensions = false;
switch (displayRotation) {
case Surface.ROTATION_0:
case Surface.ROTATION_180:
if (mSensorOrientation == 90 || mSensorOrientation == 270) {
swappedDimensions = true;
}
break;
case Surface.ROTATION_90:
case Surface.ROTATION_270:
if (mSensorOrientation == 0 || mSensorOrientation == 180) {
swappedDimensions = true;
}
break;
default:
Log.e(TAG, "Display rotation is invalid: " + displayRotation);
}
Point displaySize = new Point();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(displaySize);
int rotatedPreviewWidth = width;
int rotatedPreviewHeight = height;
int maxPreviewWidth = displaySize.x;
int maxPreviewHeight = displaySize.y;
if (swappedDimensions) {
rotatedPreviewWidth = height;
rotatedPreviewHeight = width;
maxPreviewWidth = displaySize.y;
maxPreviewHeight = displaySize.x;
}
if (maxPreviewWidth > MAX_PREVIEW_WIDTH) {
maxPreviewWidth = MAX_PREVIEW_WIDTH;
}
if (maxPreviewHeight > MAX_PREVIEW_HEIGHT) {
maxPreviewHeight = MAX_PREVIEW_HEIGHT;
}
// Danger, W.R.! Attempting to use too large a preview size could exceed the camera
// bus' bandwidth limitation, resulting in gorgeous previews but the storage of
// garbage capture data.
mPreviewSize = chooseOptimalSize(map.getOutputSizes(SurfaceTexture.class),
rotatedPreviewWidth, rotatedPreviewHeight, maxPreviewWidth,
maxPreviewHeight, largest);
// We fit the aspect ratio of TextureView to the size of preview we picked.
int orientation = getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
mTextureView.setAspectRatio(
mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
} else {
mTextureView.setAspectRatio(
mPreviewSize.getHeight(), mPreviewSize.getWidth());
}
// Check if the flash is supported.
Boolean available = characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.FLASH_INFO_AVAILABLE);
mFlashSupported = available == null ? false : available;
mCameraId = cameraId;
return;
}
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
// Currently an NPE is thrown when the Camera2API is used but not supported on the
// device this code runs.
ErrorDialog.newInstance(getString(R.string.camera_error))
.show(getChildFragmentManager(), FRAGMENT_DIALOG);
}
}
5.开启预览
private void createCameraPreviewSession() {
try {
SurfaceTexture texture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();
assert texture != null;
// We configure the size of default buffer to be the size of camera preview we want.
texture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
// This is the output Surface we need to start preview.
Surface surface = new Surface(texture);
// We set up a CaptureRequest.Builder with the output Surface.
mPreviewRequestBuilder
= mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
// Here, we create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview.
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()),
new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
@Override
public void onConfigured(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
// The camera is already closed
if (null == mCameraDevice) {
return;
}
// When the session is ready, we start displaying the preview.
mCaptureSession = cameraCaptureSession;
try {
// Auto focus should be continuous for camera preview.
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
// Flash is automatically enabled when necessary.
setAutoFlash(mPreviewRequestBuilder);
// Finally, we start displaying the camera preview.
mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest,
mCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onConfigureFailed(
@NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
showToast("Failed");
}
}, null
);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
6.开启预览后获取实时流数据，onImageAvailable回调中的ImageRender获取实时流数据，这个数据是YUV_420_888的数据 ,我们可以存储数据也可以对数据流进行美颜滤镜操作，也可以推送给服务端。
private final ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener mOnImageAvailableListener
= new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
@Override
public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) {
mBackgroundHandler.post(new ImageSaver(reader.acquireNextImage(), mFile));
}
};
private static class ImageSaver implements Runnable {
/**
* The JPEG image
*/
private final Image mImage;
/**
* The file we save the image into.
*/
private final File mFile;
ImageSaver(Image image, File file) {
mImage = image;
mFile = file;
}
@Override
public void run() {
ByteBuffer buffer = mImage.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer();
byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
buffer.get(bytes);
FileOutputStream output = null;
try {
output = new FileOutputStream(mFile);
output.write(bytes);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
mImage.close();
if (null != output) {
try {
output.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
7.当关闭界面或者停止预览时 ：
private void closeCamera() {
try {
mCameraOpenCloseLock.acquire();
if (null != mCaptureSession) {
mCaptureSession.close();
mCaptureSession = null;
}
if (null != mCameraDevice) {
mCameraDevice.close();
mCameraDevice = null;
}
if (null != mImageReader) {
mImageReader.close();
mImageReader = null;
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted while trying to lock camera closing.", e);
} finally {
mCameraOpenCloseLock.release();
}
}
private void stopBackgroundThread() {
mBackgroundThread.quitSafely();
try {
mBackgroundThread.join();
mBackgroundThread = null;
mBackgroundHandler = null;
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
