背景需求：

• 1.项目开发、测试、发布使用的后台发布接口均不一致，根据不同环境配置接口的host+port
• 2.全局处理非正确的response
• 3.每次请求前显示loading，请求后隐藏loading（本文不涉及）

实现：

• 1.自定义HttpInterceptorService(http.interceptor.service.ts)

   import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
   import { Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, RequestOptions, ConnectionBackend, Headers } from '@angular/http';
   import 'rxjs/Rx';
   import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
   @Injectable()
   export class HttpInterceptorService extends Http {
     status = {
       "status.400": "错误的请求。由于语法错误，该请求无法完成。",
       "status.401": "未经授权。服务器拒绝响应。",
       "status.403": "已禁止。服务器拒绝响应。",
       "status.404": "未找到。无法找到请求的位置。",
       "status.405": "方法不被允许。使用该位置不支持的请求方法进行了请求。",
       "status.406": "不可接受。服务器只生成客户端不接受的响应。",
       "status.407": "需要代理身份验证。客户端必须先使用代理对自身进行身份验证。",
       "status.408": "请求超时。等待请求的服务器超时。",
       "status.409": "冲突。由于请求中的冲突，无法完成该请求。",
       "status.410": "过期。请求页不再可用。",
       "status.411": "长度必需。未定义“内容长度”。",
       "status.412": "前提条件不满足。请求中给定的前提条件由服务器评估为 false。",
       "status.413": "请求实体太大。服务器不会接受请求，因为请求实体太大。",
       "status.414": "请求 URI 太长。服务器不会接受该请求，因为 URL 太长。",
       "status.415": "不支持的媒体类型。服务器不会接受该请求，因为媒体类型不受支持。",
       "status.416": "HTTP 状态代码 {0}",
       "status.500": "内部服务器错误。",
       "status.501": "未实现。服务器不识别该请求方法，或者服务器没有能力完成请求。",
       "status.503": "服务不可用。服务器当前不可用(过载或故障)。"
     };
     constructor(backend: ConnectionBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) {
       super(backend, defaultOptions);
     }
     request(url: string | Request, options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): Observable < Response > {
       //console.log("before...");
       //根据不同的生产环境配置http前缀
       typeof url=='string'? (url='http://192.168.1.205:8099/'+url):(url.url='http://192.168.1.205:8099/'+url.url);
       return this.intercept(super.request(url, options));
     }
     get(url: string, options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): Observable < Response > {
       return this.intercept(super.get(url, options));
     }
     post(url: string, body: string, options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): Observable < Response > {
       return this.intercept(super.post(url, body, this.getRequestOptionArgs(options)));
     }
     put(url: string, body: string, options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): Observable < Response > {
       return this.intercept(super.put(url, body, this.getRequestOptionArgs(options)));
     }
     delete(url: string, options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): Observable < Response > {
       return this.intercept(super.put(url, this.getRequestOptionArgs(options)));
     }
     getRequestOptionArgs(options ? : RequestOptionsArgs): RequestOptionsArgs {
       if (options == null) {
         options = new RequestOptions();
       }
       if (options.headers == null) {
         options.headers = new Headers();
       }
       options.headers.append('Content-Type', 'application/json');
       return options;
     }
     intercept(observable: Observable < Response > ): Observable < Response > {
       //console.log("after...");
       return observable.catch((err, source) => {
         if (err.status<200 || err.status>=300) {
           alert('网络错误:'+err.status+' - '+this.status['status.'+err.status]);
           return Observable.empty();
         } else {
           return Observable.throw(err);
         }
       });
     }
   }
  

• 2.在app.module.ts中provide

   import { NgModule }      from '@angular/core';
   import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
   import { FormsModule }   from '@angular/forms';
   import { Http, HttpModule, XHRBackend, RequestOptions }    from '@angular/http';
   import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
   import { MessagesModule, GrowlModule, ConfirmDialogModule, ConfirmationService, DialogModule, BlockUIModule } from 'primeng/primeng';
   
   import { AppComponent }  from './app.component';
   
   import { HttpInterceptorService }   from './shared/http.interceptor.service';
   
   export function interceptorFactory(xhrBackend: XHRBackend, requestOptions: RequestOptions){
     let service = new HttpInterceptorService(xhrBackend, requestOptions);
     return service;
   }
   
   @NgModule({
     imports:      [
       BrowserModule,
       FormsModule,
       HttpModule,
       RouterModule.forRoot(appRoutes),
       LoginModule,
       FrameModule,
       MessagesModule, GrowlModule, ConfirmDialogModule, DialogModule, BlockUIModule
     ],
     declarations: [ AppComponent ],
     bootstrap:    [ AppComponent ],
     providers:    [
       HttpInterceptorService,
       {
         provide: Http,
         useFactory: interceptorFactory,
         deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
       }
     ]
   })
   export class AppModule { }
  

• 3.使用，示例：app.component.ts

    import { Component } from '@angular/core';
    import { Http }  from '@angular/http';
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-root',
      templateUrl: './app.component.html',
      styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
    })
    export class AppComponent {
      title = 'app works!';
      constructor(private http: Http){}
    
      ngOnInit(){
        this.http.get('api/user/functions')
        .toPromise()
        .then(res => console.log(res));
      }
    }