来源：CGTN，翻译：有道词典，整理：2023年8月25日于金融超市

Chinese researchers find evidence 'strongly' against room-temperature superconductor claim

Chinese researchers have found evidence which overturns a claim made by a group of South Korean researchers that they have created a room-temperature, ambient-pressure superconducting material.
中国研究人员发现证据推翻了一组韩国研究人员的说法，即他们创造了一种室温、常压超导材料。

The researchers from the Institute of Physics under Chinese Academy of Sciences stated in a study that the newly synthesized material dubbed LK-99 cannot show superconductivity at room temperature, and pointed out the Cu2S impurity contained in LK-99 is the "most likely" reason leading to the false claim.
中国科学院物理研究所的研究人员在一项研究中指出，新合成的材料LK-99在室温下不能表现出超导性，并指出LK-99中含有的Cu2S杂质是导致错误说法的“最有可能”的原因。

The researchers said they noticed that the LK-99 sample reported contained a certain amount of Cu2S impurity, which may have caused the so-called superconducting behavior.
研究人员表示，他们注意到LK-99样品中含有一定量的Cu2S杂质，这可能导致了所谓的超导行为。

To determine whether the superconducting-like transition observed is intrinsic for LK-99 or caused by the Cu2S impurity, the researchers studied the transport and magnetic properties of Cu2S and the mixture of LK-99 and Cu2S.
为了确定观察到的类超导转变是LK-99固有的还是由Cu2S杂质引起的，研究人员研究了Cu2S以及LK-99和Cu2S混合物的输运和磁性能。

They further synthesized two kinds of LK-99 with different Cu2S content, and respectively measured their resistance, diamagnetism and other parameters, and compared them with the pure Cu2S.
他们进一步合成了两种不同Cu2S含量的LK-99，并分别测量了它们的电阻、抗磁性等参数，并与纯Cu2S进行了比较。

"We observed a sharp superconducting-like transition and a thermal hysteresis behavior in the resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. However, we did not observe zero-resistivity below the transition temperature," said the researchers in their study published on the open-access preprint platform arXiv on Tuesday.
“我们在电阻率和磁化率中观察到明显的超导样转变和热滞后行为。然而，我们没有观察到低于转变温度的零电阻率，”研究人员在周二发表在开放获取预印本平台arXiv上的研究中说。

Their findings of resistivity and magnetization "strongly suggest that the superconductivity-like behavior in LK-99 is caused by the structural phase transition of the impurity Cu2S," the study said.
研究称，他们的电阻率和磁化结果“强烈表明LK-99中的超导行为是由杂质Cu2S的结构相变引起的”。

Worldwide attempt for verification
全球范围内的验证尝试

Superconductors are materials that have zero electric resistance and can expel magnetic fields, through which electricity can pass without losing energy.
超导体是一种电阻为零并能排出磁场的材料，这样电就可以通过磁场而不损失能量。

Such materials are one of the most sought-after materials by researchers for their huge potential and wide applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance instruments and maglev trains.
此类材料因其巨大的潜力和广泛的应用，如核磁共振仪器和磁悬浮列车等，成为研究人员最追捧的材料之一。

Conventional superconducting materials are metals and can only show superconductivity under extreme conditions, such as ultra-low temperatures and high pressures.
传统的超导材料是金属，只能在极端条件下，如超低温和高压下表现出超导性。

In late July, a South Korean team led by experts from Quantum Energy Research Center posted two papers on arXiv, claiming that they synthesized the world's first room-temperature superconducting material under ambient pressure, known as LK-99, a modified-lead apatite crystal structure doping with copper.
7月下旬，由量子能量研究中心的专家领导的韩国团队在arXiv上发表了两篇论文，声称他们在环境压力下合成了世界上第一个室温超导材料，即掺杂铜的改性铅磷灰石晶体结构的LK-99。

"The superconductivity of LK-99 proved with the critical temperature, zero-resistivity, critical current, critical magnetic field, and Meissner effect," said the researchers.
研究人员表示:“LK-99的超导性得到了临界温度、零电阻率、临界电流、临界磁场和迈斯纳效应的证明。”

Their discovery soon went viral, arousing excitement and skepticism.
他们的发现很快就像病毒一样传播开来，引发了兴奋和怀疑。

Research teams worldwide have attempted to replicate the material, but have yet to confirm the superconductivity of LK-99.
世界各地的研究团队都试图复制这种材料，但尚未证实LK-99的超导性。

In South Korea, experts from the Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics set up a verification committee to assess the authenticity, and ended up with the conclusion that LK-99 "is not a superconductor as the material presents no negative resistance, called Meissner effect," Yonhap News Agency reported on August 3.
韩国联合通讯社8月3日报道称，韩国超导与低温学会的专家成立了一个验证委员会来评估其真实性，最终得出的结论是，jk -99“不是超导体，因为这种材料没有负电阻，即迈斯纳效应”。

"We can't say the material shows the exact Meissner effect (based on an experiment in the paper)," Yonhap reported citing an official from the institute, adding the authors have refused to submit a sample for its test.
韩联社援引该研究所一位官员的话说:“我们不能说这些材料(基于论文中的一个实验)显示出确切的迈斯纳效应。”他还补充说，作者拒绝提交样本进行测试。

The researchers from the National Physical Laboratory of India said in their study on July 31 that they "do not approve the reported appearance of bulk superconductivity in LK-99," but will synthesize more samples for verification. On the same day, a research team from China's Beihang University said the room-temperature resistance of the LK-99 sample is not zero, and no magnetic levitation was observed, saying the material is similar to a semiconductor rather than a superconductor.
印度国家物理实验室的研究人员在7月31日的研究中表示，他们“不认可LK-99中出现大块超导性的报道”，但将合成更多的样品进行验证。同一天，中国北京航空航天大学的一个研究小组表示，LK-99样品的室温电阻不为零，也没有观察到磁悬浮，称这种材料类似于半导体，而不是超导体。

A study by researchers at Southeast University said they didn't observe Meissner effect, but observed zero resistance in their LK-99 samples at above 110 K (−163 degrees Celsius), indicating the material can be "a possible candidate for searching high-temperature superconductor."
东南大学的研究人员在一项研究中表示，他们没有观察到迈斯纳效应，但在110 K(- 163摄氏度)以上的温度下，LK-99样品中观察到零电阻，这表明该材料可能是“寻找高温超导体的可能候选者”。

Researchers from Peking University saw "half levitation" in some small flaky fragments, but without Meissner effect or zero resistance, which they believe "do not exhibit superconductivity."
北京大学的研究人员在一些小片状碎片上看到了“半悬浮”，但没有迈斯纳效应或零阻力，他们认为这“不会表现出超导性”。

Earlier, a team from Huazhong University of Science and Technology uploaded a video on the Chinese social media platform Bilibili, showing the synthesized LK-99 crystals can be magnetically levitated at a larger angle than the one by the South Korea team at room temperature. 
早些时候，华中科技大学的一个团队在中国社交媒体平台哔哩哔哩上上传了一段视频，显示合成的LK-99晶体可以在室温下以比韩国团队更大的角度悬浮。

However, they also stated that the material does not possess zero resistance, and its overall behavior is similar to a semiconductor curve. Still, the researchers said "it is expected to realize the true potential of room temperature, non-contact superconducting magnetic levitation in near future."
然而，他们也指出，该材料不具有零电阻，其整体行为类似于半导体曲线。尽管如此，研究人员表示，“在不久的将来，室温、非接触超导磁悬浮的真正潜力有望实现。”