1.Base64 加密
1.1 Base64 简单说明
描述：Base64可以成为密码学的基石，非常重要。
特点：可以将任意的二进制数据进行Base64编码
结果：所有的数据都能被编码为并只用65个字符就能表示的文本文件。
65字符：A~Z a~z 0~9 + / =
对文件进行base64编码后文件数据的变化：编码后的数据~=编码前数据的4/3，会大1/3左右。
1.2编码原理
- 将所有字符转化为ASCII码；
- 将ASCII码转化为8位二进制；
- 将二进制3个归成一组(不足3个在后边补0)共24位，再拆分成4组，每组6位；
- 统一在6位二进制前补两个0凑足8位；
- 将补0后的二进制转为十进制；
- 从Base64编码表获取十进制对应的Base64编码；
1.3实现
- 从iOS7.0 以后，苹果就提供了Base64的编码和解码支持
编码:
-(NSString *)base64EncodeString:(NSString *)string{
//1.先把字符串转换为二进制数据
NSData *data = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
//2.对二进制数据进行base64编码，返回编码后的字符串
return [data base64EncodedStringWithOptions:0];
}
解码：
-(NSString *)base64DecodeString:(NSString *)string{
//1.将base64编码后的字符串『解码』为二进制数据
NSData *data = [[NSData alloc]initWithBase64EncodedString:string options:0];
//2.把二进制数据转换为字符串返回
return [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}
- iOS7.0 以前，根据原理自己写个方法来实现编码解码(目前来说，大多数APP已经不支持iOS7.0了)
编码
+ (NSString *)base64EncodedStringFrom:(NSString *)string{
NSData *data = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if ([data length] == 0)
return @"";
char *characters = malloc((([data length] + 2) / 3) * 4);
if (characters == NULL)
return nil;
NSUInteger length = 0;
NSUInteger i = 0;
while (i < [data length])
{
char buffer[3] = {0,0,0};
short bufferLength = 0;
while (bufferLength < 3 && i < [data length])
buffer[bufferLength++] = ((char *)[data bytes])[i++];
// Encode the bytes in the buffer to four characters, including padding "=" characters if necessary.
characters[length++] = encodingTable[(buffer[0] & 0xFC) >> 2];
characters[length++] = encodingTable[((buffer[0] & 0x03) << 4) | ((buffer[1] & 0xF0) >> 4)];
if (bufferLength > 1)
characters[length++] = encodingTable[((buffer[1] & 0x0F) << 2) | ((buffer[2] & 0xC0) >> 6)];
else characters[length++] = '=';
if (bufferLength > 2)
characters[length++] = encodingTable[buffer[2] & 0x3F];
else characters[length++] = '=';
}
return [[NSString alloc] initWithBytesNoCopy:characters length:length encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding freeWhenDone:YES];
}
解码
+ (NSString *)stringWithBase64EncodedString:(NSString *)string{
if ([string length] == 0)
return [NSData data];
static char *decodingTable = NULL;
if (decodingTable == NULL)
{
decodingTable = malloc(256);
if (decodingTable == NULL)
return nil;
memset(decodingTable, CHAR_MAX, 256);
NSUInteger i;
for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
decodingTable[(short)encodingTable[i]] = i;
}
const char *characters = [string cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
if (characters == NULL) // Not an ASCII string!
return nil;
char *bytes = malloc((([string length] + 3) / 4) * 3);
if (bytes == NULL)
return nil;
NSUInteger length = 0;
NSUInteger i = 0;
while (YES)
{
char buffer[4];
short bufferLength;
for (bufferLength = 0; bufferLength < 4; i++)
{
if (characters[i] == '\0')
break;
if (isspace(characters[i]) || characters[i] == '=')
continue;
buffer[bufferLength] = decodingTable[(short)characters[i]];
if (buffer[bufferLength++] == CHAR_MAX) // Illegal character!
{
free(bytes);
return nil;
}
}
if (bufferLength == 0)
break;
if (bufferLength == 1) // At least two characters are needed to produce one byte!
{
free(bytes);
return nil;
}
// Decode the characters in the buffer to bytes.
bytes[length++] = (buffer[0] << 2) | (buffer[1] >> 4);
if (bufferLength > 2)
bytes[length++] = (buffer[1] << 4) | (buffer[2] >> 2);
if (bufferLength > 3)
bytes[length++] = (buffer[2] << 6) | buffer[3];
}
bytes = realloc(bytes, length);
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:bytes length:length];
return [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}
2.MD5 加密
1.1 MD5加密简单说明
描述:MD5加密是最常用的加密方法之一，是从一段字符串中通过相应特征生成一段32位的数字字母混合码。对输入信息生成唯一的128位散列值（32个字符）
结果:MD5生成的是固定的128bit，即128个0和1的二进制位，而在实际应用开发中，通常是以16进制输出的，所以正好就是32位的16进制，说白了也就是32个16进制的数字。
1.2 MD5加密的优点:
易计算：原数据计算出MD5值很容易。
压缩性：任意长度的元数据，计算出的MD5值长度固定
抗修改：原数据只修改一个字节，计算出的MD5值也有很大差别。也就说明，跟原数据和MD5值,想伪造一个类似的数据十分困难.想得到两个原数据不同,但MD5值接近的值也是很难.
其他: MD5加密是不可解密的，但是网上有一些解析MD5的，那个相当于一个大型的数据库，通过匹配MD5去找到原密码。所以，只要在要加密的假眼或者多次MD5加密来提高加密效果，这样出来的结果一般是解析不出来的.
1.3 使用
需要导入 #import <CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto.h>
+ (NSString *)md5:(NSString *)string{
const char *cStr = [string UTF8String];
unsigned char digest[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5(cStr, (CC_LONG)strlen(cStr), digest);
NSMutableString *result = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2];
for (int i = 0; i < CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) {
[result appendFormat:@"%02X", digest[i]];
}
return result;
}
//使用
+ (NSString *)md5ForString:(NSString *)string{
NSString *md5String;
md5String = [self md5:string]; // 第一次加密
md5String = [md5String substringToIndex:18]; // 截取长度
md5String = [md5String stringByAppendingString:@"Test"]; // 加盐(加盐的字符串没有要求)
md5String = [self md5:md5String]; // 第二次加密
// 多次加密只是为了加强加密效果
return md5String;
}
3.AES 加密
- AES256
- (NSData *)AES256Encrypt:(NSString *)key //加密
{
char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES256+1];
bzero(keyPtr, sizeof(keyPtr));
[key getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSUInteger dataLength = [self length];
size_t bufferSize = dataLength + kCCBlockSizeAES128;
void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize);
size_t numBytesEncrypted = 0;
CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCEncrypt, kCCAlgorithmAES128,
kCCOptionPKCS7Padding | kCCOptionECBMode,
keyPtr, kCCBlockSizeAES128,
NULL,
[self bytes], dataLength,
buffer, bufferSize,
&numBytesEncrypted);
if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) {
return [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesEncrypted];
}
free(buffer);
return nil;
}
- (NSData *)AES256Decrypt:(NSString *)key //解密
{
char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES256+1];
bzero(keyPtr, sizeof(keyPtr));
[key getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSUInteger dataLength = [self length];
size_t bufferSize = dataLength + kCCBlockSizeAES128;
void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize);
size_t numBytesDecrypted = 0;
CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCDecrypt, kCCAlgorithmAES128,
kCCOptionPKCS7Padding | kCCOptionECBMode,
keyPtr, kCCBlockSizeAES128,
NULL,
[self bytes], dataLength,
buffer, bufferSize,
&numBytesDecrypted);
if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) {
return [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesDecrypted];
}
free(buffer);
return nil;
}
- AES128
+ (NSString *)AES128Encrypt:(NSString *)plainText{ //加密
char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES128+1];
memset(keyPtr, 0, sizeof(keyPtr));
[AESKEY getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
char ivPtr[kCCBlockSizeAES128+1];
memset(ivPtr, 0, sizeof(ivPtr));
[AESIV getCString:ivPtr maxLength:sizeof(ivPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData* data = [plainText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSUInteger dataLength = [data length];
int diff = kCCKeySizeAES128 - (dataLength % kCCKeySizeAES128);
int newSize = 0;
if(diff > 0)
{
newSize = dataLength + diff;
}
char dataPtr[newSize];
memcpy(dataPtr, [data bytes], [data length]);
for(int i = 0; i < diff; i++)
{
dataPtr[i + dataLength] = 0x00;
}
size_t bufferSize = newSize + kCCBlockSizeAES128;
void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize);
memset(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
size_t numBytesCrypted = 0;
CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCEncrypt,
kCCAlgorithmAES128,
0x0000, //这里用的 NoPadding的填充方式 除此以外还有 kCCOptionPKCS7Padding 和 kCCOptionECBMode
keyPtr,
kCCKeySizeAES128,
ivPtr,
dataPtr,
sizeof(dataPtr),
buffer,
bufferSize,
&numBytesCrypted);
if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) {
NSData *resultData = [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesCrypted];
return [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:resultData];
}
free(buffer);
return nil;
}
+ (NSString *)AES128Decrypt:(NSString *)encryptText{ //解密
char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES128 + 1];
memset(keyPtr, 0, sizeof(keyPtr));
[AESKEY getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
char ivPtr[kCCBlockSizeAES128 + 1];
memset(ivPtr, 0, sizeof(ivPtr));
[AESIV getCString:ivPtr maxLength:sizeof(ivPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData *data = [GTMBase64 decodeData:[encryptText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSUInteger dataLength = [data length];
size_t bufferSize = dataLength + kCCBlockSizeAES128;
void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize);
size_t numBytesCrypted = 0;
CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCDecrypt,
kCCAlgorithmAES128,
0x0000,
keyPtr,
kCCBlockSizeAES128,
ivPtr,
[data bytes],
dataLength,
buffer,
bufferSize,
&numBytesCrypted);
if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) {
NSData *resultData = [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesCrypted];
return [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:resultData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
}
free(buffer);
return nil;
}
4.SHA1(哈希) 加密
需要导入头文件
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
- (NSString *) sha1:(NSString *)string{
const char *cstr = [string cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:cstr length:string.length];
uint8_t digest[CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_SHA1(data.bytes, (unsigned int)data.length, digest);
NSMutableString *output = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2];
for(int i=0; i<CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) {
[output appendFormat:@"%02x", digest[i]];
}
return output;
}
