目的：
1.根据用户输入，列出豆瓣高分TOP（用户自定义）的电影，链接，及热评若干
方案：
使用PhantomJS+Selenium+Firefox实现
实现过程：
1.get到首页后，根据选择，点击种类，然后根据输入需求，进行排序
2.抓取每个电影及超链接，进入超链接后，抓取当前电影的热评及长评
3.当用户所要求TOP数据大于第一页的20个时候，点击加载更多，再出现20个电影，重复2操作
以豆瓣发哦分，然后按评分排序的点击过程（其余操作一致，先种类后排序选择，再爬）
image
实现代码：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#Author:哈士奇说喵
#爬豆瓣高分电影及hot影评
from selenium import webdriver
import selenium.webdriver.support.ui as ui
import time
print "---------------system loading...please wait...---------------"
SUMRESOURCES = 0 #全局变量
driver_detail = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path="phantomjs.exe")
#driver_item=webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path="phantomjs.exe")
driver_item=webdriver.Firefox()
url="https://movie.douban.com/"
#等待页面加载方法
wait = ui.WebDriverWait(driver_item,15)
wait1 = ui.WebDriverWait(driver_detail,15)
#获取URL和文章标题
def getURL_Title():
global SUMRESOURCES
##############################################################################
#需要键入想要获取的信息，比如种类，排序方式，想看多少内容
##############################################################################
print "please select:"
kind=input("1-Hot\n2-Newest\n3-Classics\n4-Playable\n5-High Scores\n6-Wonderful but not popular\n7-Chinese film\n8-Hollywood\n9-Korea\n10-Japan\n11-Action movies\n12-Comedy\n13-Love story\n14-Science fiction\n15-Thriller\n16-Horror film\n17-Cartoon\nplease select:")
print "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
sort=input("1-Sort by hot\n2-Sort by time\n3-Sort by score\nplease select:")
print "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
number = input("TOP ?:")
print "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
ask_long=input("don't need long-comments,enter 0,i like long-comments enter 1:")
print "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
global save_name
save_name=raw_input("save_name (xx.txt):")
print "---------------------crawling...---------------------"
driver_item.get(url)
##############################################################################
#进行网页get后，先进行电影种类选择的模拟点击操作，然后再是排序方式的选择
#最后等待一会，元素都加载完了，才能开始爬电影，不然元素隐藏起来，不能被获取
#wait.until是等待元素加载完成！
##############################################################################
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='fliter-wp']/div/form/div/div/label[%s]"%kind))
driver_item.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='fliter-wp']/div/form/div/div/label[%s]"%kind).click()
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='fliter-wp']/div/form/div[3]/div/label[%s]"%sort))
driver_item.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='fliter-wp']/div/form/div[3]/div/label[%s]"%sort).click()
num=number+1#比如输入想看的TOP22，那需要+1在进行操作，细节问题
time.sleep(2)
#打开几次“加载更多”
num_time = num/20+1
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='list-wp']/a[@class='more']"))
for times in range(1,num_time):
time.sleep(1)
driver_item.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='list-wp']/a[@class='more']").click()
time.sleep(1)
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='list']/a[%d]"%num))
#print '点击\'加载更多\'一次'
#使用wait.until使元素全部加载好能定位之后再操作，相当于try/except再套个while把
for i in range(1,num):
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='list']/a[%d]"%num))
list_title=driver_item.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='list']/a[%d]"%i)
print '----------------------------------------------'+'NO' + str(SUMRESOURCES +1)+'----------------------------------------------'
print u'电影名: ' + list_title.text
print u'链接: ' + list_title.get_attribute('href')
#print unicode码自动转换为utf-8的
#写入txt中部分1
list_title_wr=list_title.text.encode('utf-8')#unicode码，需要重新编码再写入txt
list_title_url_wr=list_title.get_attribute('href')
Write_txt('\n----------------------------------------------'+'NO' + str(SUMRESOURCES +1)+'----------------------------------------------','',save_name)
Write_txt(list_title_wr,list_title_url_wr,save_name)
SUMRESOURCES = SUMRESOURCES +1
try:#获取具体内容和评论。href是每个超链接也就是资源单独的url
getDetails(str(list_title.get_attribute('href')),ask_long)
except:
print 'can not get the details!'
##############################################################################
#当选择一部电影后，进入这部电影的超链接，然后才能获取
#同时别忽视元素加载的问题
#在加载长评论的时候，注意模拟点击一次小三角，不然可能会使内容隐藏
##############################################################################
def getDetails(url,ask_long):
driver_detail.get(url)
wait1.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='link-report']/span"))
drama = driver_detail.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='link-report']/span")
print u"剧情简介："+drama.text
drama_wr=drama.text.encode('utf-8')
Write_txt(drama_wr,'',save_name)
print "--------------------------------------------Hot comments TOP----------------------------------------------"
for i in range(1,5):#四个短评
try:
comments_hot = driver_detail.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='hot-comments']/div[%s]/div/p"%i)
print u"最新热评："+comments_hot.text
comments_hot_wr=comments_hot.text.encode('utf-8')
Write_txt("--------------------------------------------Hot comments TOP%d----------------------------------------------"%i,'',save_name)
Write_txt(comments_hot_wr,'',save_name)
except:
print 'can not caught the comments!'
#加载长评
if ask_long==1:
try:
driver_detail.find_element_by_xpath("//img[@class='bn-arrow']").click()
#wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='review-bd']/div[2]/div/div"))
time.sleep(1)
#解决加载长评会提示剧透问题导致无法加载
comments_get = driver_detail.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='review-bd']/div[2]/div")
if comments_get.text.encode('utf-8')=='提示: 这篇影评可能有剧透':
comments_deep=driver_detail.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='review-bd']/div[2]/div[2]")
else:
comments_deep = comments_get
print "--------------------------------------------long-comments---------------------------------------------"
print u"深度长评："+comments_deep.text
comments_deep_wr=comments_deep.text.encode('utf-8')
Write_txt("--------------------------------------------long-comments---------------------------------------------\n",'',save_name)
Write_txt(comments_deep_wr,'',save_name)
except:
print 'can not caught the deep_comments!'
##############################################################################
#将print输出的写入txt中查看，也可以在cmd中查看，换行符是为了美观
##############################################################################
def Write_txt(text1='',text2='',title='douban.txt'):
with open(title,"a") as f:
for i in text1:
f.write(i)
f.write("\n")
for j in text2:
f.write(j)
f.write("\n")
def main():
getURL_Title()
driver_item.quit()
main()
另一个评论用了PhantomJS
实现效果
致谢
@mrlevo520-Python自定义豆瓣电影种类，排行，点评的爬取与存储（初级）
