WKWebview基础使用,JS交互基础

iOS8之后,WKWebView相对于UIWebView的高性能,替换已成趋势。相比之下,WKWebView的优势之处在于:

  • 性能强,更稳定。
  • 支持更多的html5特性。
  • 占用内存远低于UIWebView。
  • 具有和Safari相同的JS引擎能力。
  • ...

1.使用

#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
初始化方法:
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame configuration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration;
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame;

加载网页

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"https://www.baidu.com"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    [webView loadRequest:request];

加载本地html页面

    NSString * htmlPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"demo1" ofType:@"html"];
    [self.webView loadFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:htmlPath] allowingReadAccessToURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:htmlPath]];

加载html字符串

- (nullable WKNavigation *)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(nullable NSURL *)baseURL;

支持返回手势,像iOS自带的手势返回一样。

self.webView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = YES;

2.协议

  • WKNavigationDelegate:关于加载页面的代理方法
    self.webView.navigationDelegate = self;
//开始加载时调用
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{

}
//当内容开始返回时调用
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{

}
//页面加载完成之后调用
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{

}
// 页面加载失败时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation
{

}
//https接口时用到
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition, NSURLCredential * _Nullable credential))completionHandler{
    
    if ([challenge.protectionSpace.authenticationMethod isEqualToString:NSURLAuthenticationMethodServerTrust]) {
        
        NSURLCredential *card = [[NSURLCredential alloc]initWithTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust];
        
        completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential,card);
        
    }
}
//打电话url
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler {
    NSURL *URL = navigationAction.request.URL;
    NSString *scheme = [URL scheme];
    if ([scheme isEqualToString:@"tel"]) {
        NSString *resourceSpecifier = [URL resourceSpecifier];
        NSString *callPhone = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"telprompt://%@", resourceSpecifier];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:callPhone]];
    }
    decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}
  • WKUIDelegate:提供用原生控件显示网页的方法回调
    self.webView.UIDelegate = self;
//调用弹出框函数
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler
{
    //此处调用OC弹出框
}
//调用确认框函数
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler
{
    //此处调用OC弹出框
}
//调用输入框函数
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(nonnull NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(nonnull WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(NSString * _Nullable))completionHandler
{
    //此处调用OC弹出框
}
  • WKScriptMessageHandler:提供从网页中收消息的回调方法,后面提到。处理JS传递数据到OC中来。

3.类

  • WKWebViewConfiguration:初始化webview的设置
    WKWebViewConfiguration *config = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
    // 设置偏好设置
    config.preferences = [[WKPreferences alloc] init];
    // 默认为10
    config.preferences.minimumFontSize = 10;
    // 默认认为YES
    config.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = YES;
    // 在iOS上默认为NO,表示不能自动通过窗口打开
    config.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = NO;
    config.userContentController = [[WKUserContentController alloc] init];
    //注册两个对象,后面与JS交互时使用。需遵守WKScriptMessageHandler协议
    [config.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"UserInfo"];
    [config.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"Test2"];
  • WKBackForwardList:之前访问过得前进和后退的web页面,有backListforwardList等属性。

4.监听进度条

通过监听estimatedProgress可以获取它的加载进度 ,需使用到WKNavigationDelegate的代理方法,还可以监听title,loading等属性

[self.webView addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
                      ofObject:(id)object
                        change:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)change
                       context:(void *)context
{
   if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"estimatedProgress"])
    {
        NSLog(@"progress: %f", self.webView.estimatedProgress);
        self.progressView.progress = self.webView.estimatedProgress;
    }

    // 加载完成
    if (!self.webView.loading)
    {
        [UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
            self.progressView.alpha = 0.0;
        }];
    }
}
- (void)dealloc {
    [self.webView removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress"];
}

5.WKScriptMessageHandler处理JS传过来的数据。

上面提到过的,注册两个对象

    [config.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"UserInfo"];
    [config.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"Test2"];

JS中代码

    $("#test1btn").click(function(){
        var em = $("#inputEmail").val();
        var pas = $("#inputPassword").val();
        var dat = {"email":em,"password":pas};
        window.webkit.messageHandlers.UserInfo.postMessage({body: dat});
     });
     $("#test2btn").click(function(){
          var dat = JSON.stringify({"title":"我的测试","name":"zhiyuehl","sex":0});
          window.webkit.messageHandlers.Test2.postMessage({body: dat});
      });
    //OC调用JS方法
    function onOCChangeMethod(email,passwd) {
          $("#inputEmail").val(email);
          $("#inputPassword").val(passwd);
    }

OC的代理方法:WKScriptMessageHandler

- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message
{
    //JS传过来的数据
    if ([message.name isEqualToString:@"UserInfo"]) {
        NSLog(@"test1传值-------------%@",message.body);
    }
    
    //JS调用OC方法
    if ([message.name isEqualToString:@"Test2"]) {
        [self callCamera:message];
    }
}

OC调用JS方法:

- (void)callCamera:(WKScriptMessage *)message
{
    NSLog(@"test2JS传值----%@",message.body);
    
    [self ocInvokeJSMethod];
}
//OC调用JS方法
- (void)ocInvokeJSMethod
{
    NSString *js = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"onOCChangeMethod('775445353@qq.com','123123')"];
    [_webView evaluateJavaScript:js completionHandler:^(id _Nullable obj, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        NSLog(@"---%@",error.localizedDescription);
    }];
}

最后

OC与JS交互demo:github地址

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