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1.介绍
相信大家对Android Support Libray都不陌生,随着Android版本的快速迭代,Google推出了Support Libray用以兼容低版本的Android设备。但是随着版本越来越多,支持库的维护和使用也变得越来越复杂,于是AndroidX应运而生,接下来我们一起来学习下如何迁移到AndroidX吧!
AndroidX基于Android Support Libray 28.0.0版本进行迭代开发。
环境要求:
Android Studio 3.2.0及以上版本
compileSdkVersion 28及以上版本
2.迁移到AndroidX
在AS工具栏中点击Refactor——>Migrate to AndroidX选项,出现下面的提示框:
意思是说,在迁移之前建议先备份一下当前的项目,勾选【Backup project as Zip File】选项备份,然后点击【MIGRATE】按钮会提示选择一个备份路径,选择完成后会出现如下提示:
点击【DO REFACTOR】按钮,继续往下看:
出现一个警告,说没有搜索到要修改的代码,没关系,点击搜索之后,再次点击【DO REFACTOR】按钮就可以了,一阵编译过后迁移完成,此时编译一下整个工程,可能会提示一些类找不到的问题,重新导入一下就可以了。
注意:由于支持库升级到了AndroidX,一些使用了支持库的第三方库也需要升级到最新版本,比如rxlifecycle等,目前大部分主流第三方库都已经支持AndroidX了。
3.对比
看下和原来的项目有哪些区别:
dependencies
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}
被修改成了:
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.2'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.0-alpha2'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0'
}
可以看到com.android.support全部被修改成了androidx,版本号也改变了,同时项目中此依赖的引用包名也会被同时修改。
gradle.properties
增加了以下两个配置:
-
android.useAndroidX=true
设置true为时,Android插件会使用相应的AndroidX库而不是支持库,默认为false。
-
android.enableJetifier=true
设置true为时,Android插件会自动迁移现有的第三方库,通过重写其二进制文件来使用AndroidX,默认为false。
4.支持库迁移AndroidX速查表
Old build artifact | AndroidX build artifact |
---|---|
android.arch.core:common | androidx.arch.core:core-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:core | androidx.arch.core:core:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:core-testing | androidx.arch.core:core-testing:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:runtime | androidx.arch.core:core-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:common | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:common-java8 | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:compiler | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:extensions | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:livedata | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:livedata-core | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-core:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:reactivestreams | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:runtime | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:viewmodel | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:common | androidx.paging:paging-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:runtime | androidx.paging:paging-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:rxjava2 | androidx.paging:paging-rxjava2:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:common | androidx.room:room-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:compiler | androidx.room:room-compiler:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:guava | androidx.room:room-guava:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:migration | androidx.room:room-migration:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:runtime | androidx.room:room-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:rxjava2 | androidx.room:room-rxjava2:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:testing | androidx.room:room-testing:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence:db | androidx.sqlite:sqlite:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence:db-framework | androidx.sqlite:sqlite-framework:2.0.0-rc01 |
com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout | androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.2 |
com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout-solver | androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout-solver:1.1.2 |
com.android.support.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent | androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso.idling:idling-net | androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-net:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-remote | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-remote:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-web | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-web:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.janktesthelper:janktesthelper | androidx.test.jank:janktesthelper:1.0.1 |
com.android.support.test.services:test-services | androidx.test:test-services:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator | androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0 |
com.android.support.test:monitor | androidx.test:monitor:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:orchestrator | androidx.test:orchestrator:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:rules | androidx.test:rules:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:runner | androidx.test:runner:1.1.0 |
com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable | androidx.vectordrawable:vectordrawable-animated:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:appcompat-v7 | androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:asynclayoutinflater | androidx.asynclayoutinflater:asynclayoutinflater:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:car | androidx.car:car:1.0.0-alpha5 |
com.android.support:cardview-v7 | androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:collections | androidx.collection:collection:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:coordinatorlayout | androidx.coordinatorlayout:coordinatorlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:cursoradapter | androidx.cursoradapter:cursoradapter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:customtabs | androidx.browser:browser:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:customview | androidx.customview:customview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:design | com.google.android.material:material:1.0.0-rc01 |
com.android.support:documentfile | androidx.documentfile:documentfile:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:drawerlayout | androidx.drawerlayout:drawerlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:exifinterface | androidx.exifinterface:exifinterface:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:gridlayout-v7 | androidx.gridlayout:gridlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:heifwriter | androidx.heifwriter:heifwriter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:interpolator | androidx.interpolator:interpolator:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:leanback-v17 | androidx.leanback:leanback:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:loader | androidx.loader:loader:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:localbroadcastmanager | androidx.localbroadcastmanager:localbroadcastmanager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:media2 | androidx.media2:media2:1.0.0-alpha03 |
com.android.support:media2-exoplayer | androidx.media2:media2-exoplayer:1.0.0-alpha01 |
com.android.support:mediarouter-v7 | androidx.mediarouter:mediarouter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:multidex | androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0 |
com.android.support:multidex-instrumentation | androidx.multidex:multidex-instrumentation:2.0.0 |
com.android.support:palette-v7 | androidx.palette:palette:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:percent | androidx.percentlayout:percentlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-leanback-v17 | androidx.leanback:leanback-preference:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-v14 | androidx.legacy:legacy-preference-v14:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-v7 | androidx.preference:preference:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:print | androidx.print:print:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recommendation | androidx.recommendation:recommendation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recyclerview-selection | androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview-selection:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recyclerview-v7 | androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-builders | androidx.slice:slice-builders:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-core | androidx.slice:slice-core:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-view | androidx.slice:slice-view:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slidingpanelayout | androidx.slidingpanelayout:slidingpanelayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-annotations | androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-compat | androidx.core:core:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-content | androidx.contentpager:contentpager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-core-ui | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-core-ui:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-core-utils | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-core-utils:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-dynamic-animation | androidx.dynamicanimation:dynamicanimation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji | androidx.emoji:emoji:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji-appcompat | androidx.emoji:emoji-appcompat:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji-bundled | androidx.emoji:emoji-bundled:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-fragment | androidx.fragment:fragment:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-media-compat | androidx.media:media:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-tv-provider | androidx.tvprovider:tvprovider:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-v13 | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v13:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-v4 | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-vector-drawable | androidx.vectordrawable:vectordrawable:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:swiperefreshlayout | androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:textclassifier | androidx.textclassifier:textclassifier:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:transition | androidx.transition:transition:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:versionedparcelable | androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:viewpager | androidx.viewpager:viewpager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:wear | androidx.wear:wear:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:webkit | androidx.webkit:webkit:1.0.0 |
5.一些问题
升级到AS 3.2版本后,Android Lint增加了一些代码检测项,其中最为明显的就是AndroidManifest.xml中的警告:
App is not indexable by Google Search; consider adding at least one Activity with an ACTION-VIEW intent filter. See issue explanation for more details.
意思是当前APP不支持Google搜索,需要至少在一个Activity中添加intent filter,没问题,满足你:
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
但是因为万里长城的原因,添加了这个filter也没什么用,不添加的话满页的黄色波浪又看着闹心,我们还可以这样做:
在app的build.gradle中添加一个警告忽略:
android {
...
lintOptions {
disable 'GoogleAppIndexingWarning'
}
}
或者在AndroidManifest.xml中的application项中添加一下忽略也可以:
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning"
6.写在最后
到这里,AndroidX升级相关的内容就学习完了,希望对你能够有所帮助,如果你在升级AndroidX的过程中,遇到了一些其他的问题,欢迎给我留言。