环境说明

RabbitMQ版本：3.7.5
操作系统：Mac OSX

RabbitMQ的安装

https://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html

启动RabbitMQ

rabbitmq-server

RabbitMQ 中exchange 类型

• direct
• fanout
• topic
• header

什么是fanout?

AMQP中的三个要素

• exchanges
• queues
• bindings

RabbitMQ 创建vhost

rabbitmqctl add_vhost first

查看vhost列表

rabbitmqctl list_vhosts

RabbitMQ 通过将消息写入log文件实现持久化

Python 生产者-消费者模式代码示例

消费者代码

#consumer.py
import pika
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('guest', 'guest')
conn_params = pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost', credentials=credentials)

conn_broker = pika.BlockingConnection(conn_params)
channel = conn_broker.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='hello-exchange',
                         exchange_type='direct')

channel.queue_declare(queue='hello-queue')
channel.queue_bind(queue='hello-queue',
                   exchange='hello-exchange',
                   routing_key='hola')

def msg_consumer(channel, method, header, body):
  channel.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
  if body == 'quit':
    channel.basic_cancel(consumer_tag='hello-consumer')
    channel.stop_consuming()
  else:
    print(body)
  return

channel.basic_consume(msg_consumer, queue='hello-queue', consumer_tag='hello-consumer')
channel.start_consuming()

生产者代码

#producer.py
import pika, sys

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('guest', 'guest')
conn_params = pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost', credentials=credentials)

conn_broker = pika.BlockingConnection(conn_params)

channel = conn_broker.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange="hello-exchange", exchange_type="direct")

msg = sys.argv[1]
msg_props = pika.BasicProperties()
msg_props.content_type = "text/plain"

channel.basic_publish(body=msg,
                      exchange="hello-exchange",
                      properties=msg_props,
                      routing_key='hola')

用例

第一步: 打开终端，执行 python3 consumer.py
第二步: 新开一个终端，执行 python3 producer.py message
可以在终端上看到相应的输出

可以通过启用shovel插件开启异地通讯，异地备份的功能

如何启动RabbitMQ 图形化界面

# 开启插件(3.7.5中已默认开启)
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

打开页面 http://localhost:15672,默认的账号为guest,密码为guest

• Management: Web UI
• Management: HTTP API
• Management: Command Line Tool
  相关操作请查看文档：https://www.rabbitmq.com/management.html

如何保证应用的可用性

可以使用Nagios进行安全监测
官网：https://www.nagios.org/

账号安全性认证

openssl和其他
操作流程: https://www.rabbitmq.com/ssl.html

RabbitMQ 插件列表

https://www.rabbitmq.com/plugins.html

• rabbitmq_amqp1_0
• rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap
• rabbitmq_auth_backend_http
• rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl
• abbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange
• rabbitmq_federation
• rabbitmq_federation_management
• rabbitmq_management
• rabbitmq_management_agent
• rabbitmq_mqtt
• rabbitmq_shove
• rabbitmq_shovel_management
• rabbitmq_stomp
• rabbitmq_tracing
• rabbitmq_web_stomp
• rabbitmq_web_mqtt