1. 启动cron服务
# 查看服务状态
systemctl status crond
# 启动
systemctl start crond
# 停止
systemctl stop crond
# 重启
systemctl restart crond
# 重新加载
systemctl reload crond
2. 开机自动启动cron服务
systemctl start crond.service
3. 通过crontab命令管理定时任务
crontab命令用法如下:
Usage:
crontab [options] file
crontab [options]
crontab -n [hostname]
Options:
-u <user> define user
-e edit user's crontab
-l list user's crontab
-r delete user's crontab
-i prompt before deleting
-n <host> set host in cluster to run users' crontabs
-c get host in cluster to run users' crontabs
-s selinux context
-x <mask> enable debugging
4. 定时任务格式
查看/etc/crontab文件,里面有格式说明:
# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# | .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# | | | | |
# * * * * * user-name command to be executed
# [分] [时] [日] [月] [周] [需要执行的命令]
详细的cron表达式可以查看这篇文章:
5. 添加一个定时任务
# 进入编辑模式,按照格式添加,保存退出
# crontab会自动检查语法是否正确,如果错误会有提示。
[root@localhost /]# crontab -e
*/1 * * * * /home/app/zipkin/zipkin-dependencies.sh
- */1 * * * *:表示每分钟执行一次
- /home/app/zipkin/zipkin-dependencies.sh:是需要执行的命令
添加成功后,查看定时任务列表:
[root@localhost /]# crontab -l
*/1 * * * * /home/app/zipkin/zipkin-dependencies.sh
6. 查看执行日志
cat /var/log/cron