写在前面
Hi，我是新海，一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读，于是萌生了一个翻译计划，准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读，通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词，短语以及语法，更深刻理解考研阅读。
下面是我的第13篇，所有中文释义，均是由本人整理翻译，当然也有不够完善的地方，欢迎大家评论补充。
The use of the motor is becoming more and more widespread in the twentieth century; as an increasing number of countries develop both technically and economically, so a larger proportion of the world’s population is able to buy and use a car.
汽车的使用在二十世纪变得越来越普遍;随着越来越多的国家在技术和经济上发展，世界人口中有更大比例的人能够购买和使用汽车。
- widespread普遍的; 分布广的; 广泛应用; 普及的
- economically在经济上; 经济地; 节约地; 节省地
- proportion比，比率; 比例; 面积; 相称，平衡; 使成比例; 使相称; 使均衡
- population人口; 全体居民; 特定[生物]种群; 布居
Possessing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport and is, therefore, not compelled to work locally.
拥有一辆车提供了更大程度的机动性，使司机可以自由地四处走动。汽车的主人不再被迫依赖公共交通，因此，不必被迫在当地工作。
He can choose from different jobs and probably changes his work more frequently as he is not restricted to a choice within a small radius.
他可以选择不同的工作，可能更频繁地改变他的工作，因为他不限于在一个小半径的选择。
- Possessing具有; 有( possess的现在分词 ); 占据; 感觉
- move around走来走去
- freely自由地，随意地，免费地; 直率地; 免费地; 慷慨地
- no longer不再，已不
- rely on依靠; 依赖; 信赖; 信任
- public transport公共交通，公共交通工具，公交车辆
- compelled强迫，使不得不( compel的过去式和过去分词 ); 引起反应
- locally在本地; 在附近; 当地地; 本地地
- choose from从…之间选择
Travelling to work by car is also more comfortable than having to use public transport; the driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air conditioning in the summer to suit his own needs and preference.
开车上班也比乘坐公共交通工具舒服，司机可以在冬天调节暖气，夏天调节空调，以适应自己的需要和喜好。
- more comfortable丰富的( comfortable的比较级 ); 使人舒服的; 愉快放松的; 自信而无忧虑的
- public transport公共交通，公共交通工具，公交车辆
- driver驾驶员，司机; 驱动器，驱动程序; 驱逐者，驱赶者; 球棒
- adjust适应，调整，校正; 调准，对准，校正，校准; 核算; 评定
- heating暖气装置[设备]; 加热，采暖; 热( heat的现在分词); 使激动; 激发; 使兴奋; 加热的; 供热的
- air conditioning冷气; 空气调节装置
- suit诉讼; 一套外衣; 西装，套装; 恳求; 适合于; 尤指服装、颜色等相配; 合身; 适宜; 合适，相称
- preference偏爱; 优先权; 偏爱的事物; 受优先偿还的权利
There is no irritation caused by waiting for trains, buses or underground trains, standing in long patient queues, or sitting on windy platforms, for as long as half an hour sometimes.
等火车、公交车或地铁、排长队耐心等待、或坐在多风的站台上，有时长达半小时，不会引起任何不适。
- irritation刺激; 激怒，恼怒，生气; 兴奋; 令人恼火的事
- trains列车( train的名词复数 ); 行列; 后果; 顺序; 训练，锻炼，培养( train的第三人称单数 ); 教育; 使朝某方向生长; 修剪
- buses公共汽车
- underground地下的; 秘密的; 先锋派的; 隐蔽的; 在地下; 秘密地，偷偷地; 地下; 地铁; 地下组织或活动; 地道
- queues行列，长队( queue的名词复数 ); 队列; 排队等候( queue的第三人称单数 ); 排队，列队等待
- windy有风的; 腹胀的; 吹牛的; 空谈的
- platforms站台; 台( platform的名词复数 ); 机会; 纲领
- as long as只要; 如果; 既然; 由于
- half an hour半小时
With the building of good, fast motorways long distances can be covered rapidly and pleasantly. For the first time in this century also, many people are now able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making trips to the country or seaside at the weekends, instead of being confined to their immediate neighbourhood. This feeling of independence, and the freedom to go where you please, is perhaps the greatest advantage of the car.
随着良好、快速的高速公路的建设，长距离可以快速而愉快地被覆盖。在本世纪也是第一次，许多人现在能够通过周末去乡下或海边旅行来充分享受他们的闲暇时间，而不是被限制在他们的邻近地区。这种独立的感觉，以及自由去你喜欢的地方，也许是汽车的最大优势。
- motorways高速公路( motorway的名词复数 )
- pleasantly愉快地; 快活地; 和气地; 和蔼地
- For the first time首次; 第一次; 乍; 初
- in this century今生今世
- many people众人
- able to能; 会
- leisure time业余时间; 余暇
- instead of代替…， 而不是…， 而不用…
- neighbourhood居住区; 周边地区; 大约; 在…附近
- greatest advantage最大利益
When considering the drawbacks, perhaps pollution is of prime importance. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the emission from their exhaust-pipes contains an ever larger volume of poisonous gas. Some of the contents of this gas, such as lead, not only pollute the atmosphere but cause actual harm to the health of people.
当考虑到这些缺点时，污染也许是最重要的。随着越来越多的汽车被生产和使用，从汽车排气管排出的有毒气体越来越多。这种气体的某些成分，如铅，不仅污染大气，而且对人体健康造成实际危害。
- drawbacks缺点，不利条件，障碍( drawback的名词复数 )
- pollution污染; 腐败; 堕落; 沾污
- more and more越来越; 日益; 越来越 ...
- emission排放，辐射; 排放物，散发物; 发行，发布
- poisonous gas有毒气体; 毒瓦斯
- Some of一些
- such as诸如; 像， 例如; 譬如
- pollute污染; 玷污，亵渎; 破坏，使堕落
- atmosphere气氛; 大气层; 大气，空气; 风格，基调
- actual harm实际伤害
Many of the minor illnesses of modern industrial society, headaches, tiredness, and stomach upsets are thought to arise from breathing polluted air; doctors’ surgeries are full of people suffering from illnesses caused by pollution. It is also becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problem of traffic in towns; most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic congestion.
现代工业社会的许多小病、头痛、疲倦和胃不舒服被认为是由于呼吸被污染的空气而引起的；医生的手术室里挤满了因污染而患病的人。处理城镇的交通问题也变得越来越困难，世界上大多数重要城市都遭遇交通拥挤。
- industrial society工业社会
- upsets打乱; 打翻，弄翻( upset的第三人称单数 ); 推翻; 使苦恼
- arise from产生于，起因于
- polluted air污染空气
- full of充满; 牣; 尽是
- difficult to deal with别扭
- traffic in做…交易，做…买卖
- most of大多数
- suffer from患，受折磨; 因…而受罚[苦，损]; 闹; 罹
- traffic congestion通信量拥挤，信号拥挤
In fact any advantage gained in comfort is often cancelled out in city driving by the frustration caused by traffic jams: endless queues of cars crawling one after another through all the main streets.
事实上，在城市驾驶中，由于交通阻塞造成的挫折感，任何在舒适度上获得的优势都常常被抵消：无尽的汽车队列一个接一个地爬过所有的主要街道。
As an increasing number of traffic regulation schemes are devised, the poor bewildered driver finds himself diverted and forced into one-way systems which cause even greater delays than the traffic jams they are supposed to prevent.
随着越来越多的交通管制方案的设计，可怜的困惑的司机发现自己被转移到单向系统，导致甚至比他们应该防止的交通堵塞更大的延迟。
- In fact事实上; 实际上，其实; 实则; 说起来
- cancelled out相互抵消
- traffic jams塞车，交通拥塞( traffic jam的名词复数 )
- queues行列，长队( queue的名词复数 ); 队列; 排队等候( queue的第三人称单数 ); 排队，列队等待
- one after another接二连三; 先后; 相继地，依次地; 连
- traffic regulation交通规则
- devised设计; 发明; 想出( devise的过去式和过去分词 ); 计划
- bewildered困惑的; 不知所措的; 晕眩的; 混乱的; 使困惑
- diverted使转移向; 娱乐; 转移的注意力; 改变的用途
- supposed to猜想会
The mounting cost of petrol and the increased license fees and road tax all add to the driver’s worries. In fact, he must sometimes wonder if the motor car is such a blessing and not just a menace.
汽油的加价和执照费和道路税的增加都增加了司机的担忧。事实上，他有时必须怀疑汽车是否是一种幸事，而不仅仅是一种威胁。
