1、安装MariaDB

安装命令

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

安装完成MariaDB，首先启动MariaDB

systemctl start mariadb

设置开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb

接下来进行MariaDB的相关简单配置

mysql_secure_installation

首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次运行直接回车

设置密码

Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车

New password:<– 设置root用户的密码

Re-enter new password: <– 再输入一次你设置的密码

其他配置

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,回车,

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车

初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录

mysql -uroot -ppassword

完成。

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: 权限不够

[root@localhost ~]# find . -name mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# 

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was

12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 

Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was

12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 

Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was

12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

正在解决依赖关系

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 mariadb.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 将被 安装

---> 软件包 mariadb-server.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl-DBI，它被软件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl-DBD-MySQL，它被软件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Data::Dumper)，它被软件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(DBI)，它被软件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64.0.4.023-5.el7 将被 安装

---> 软件包 perl-DBI.x86_64.0.1.627-4.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要

---> 软件包 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64.0.2.145-3.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 perl-PlRPC.noarch.0.0.2020-14.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Test)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Log)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Zlib)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 perl-IO-Compress.noarch.0.2.061-2.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要

---> 软件包 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch.0.0.48-5.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64.0.2.061-3.el7 将被 安装

---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64.1.2.061-4.el7 将被 安装

--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

========================================================================================

Package 架构 版本 源 大小

========================================================================================

正在安装:

mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 base 8.7 M

mariadb-server x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 base 11 M

为依赖而安装:

perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k

perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k

perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.023-5.el7 base 140 k

perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k

perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k

perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k

perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k

perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k

事务概要

========================================================================================

安装 2 软件包 (+8 依赖软件包)

总下载量：21 M

安装大小：110 M

Downloading packages:

警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY

mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装

(1/10): mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 11 MB 00:00:02 

(2/10): mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.7 MB 00:00:02 

(3/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 

(4/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00 

(5/10): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 140 kB 00:00:00 

(6/10): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00 

(7/10): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00 

(8/10): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00 

(9/10): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 

(10/10): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

总计 8.1 MB/s | 21 MB 00:02 

从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 检索密钥

导入 GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:

用户ID : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) "

指纹 : 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5

软件包 : centos-release-7-4.1708.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)

来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

正在安装 : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 1/10 

正在安装 : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 2/10 

正在安装 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 3/10 

正在安装 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 4/10 

正在安装 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 5/10 

正在安装 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 6/10 

正在安装 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 7/10 

正在安装 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 8/10 

正在安装 : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 9/10 

正在安装 : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 10/10 

验证中 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 1/10 

验证中 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 2/10 

验证中 : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 3/10 

验证中 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 4/10 

验证中 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 5/10 

验证中 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 6/10 

验证中 : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 7/10 

验证中 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/10 

验证中 : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 9/10 

验证中 : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 10/10

已安装:

mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7

作为依赖被安装:

perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 

perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 

perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7 

perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 

perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 

perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 

perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 

perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7

完毕！

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable maiadb

Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB

SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and

you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB

root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for

them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 

... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 

- Dropping test database...

... Success!

- Removing privileges on test database...

... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 

... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB

installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 10

Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

2、配置MariaDB的字符集

文件/etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]标签下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

skip-character-set-client-handshake

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

 全部配置完成，重启mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

之后进入MariaDB查看字符集

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 14

Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | latin1 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | latin1 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

+----------------------+-------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+-------------------+

| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |

| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |

| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |

+----------------------+-------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhanzhan/p/7729981.html