1 属性列表(property list, plist)
属性列表可以保存的类型有NSArray,NSDictionary,NSString,NSNumber,NSDate,NSDate以及它们对应的Mutable类。
NSDate
NSDate *date = [NSDate date];
NSLog(@"today is %@", date);
NSDate *yesterday = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow: -(24*3600)];
NSLog(@"yesterday is %@", yesterday);
NSDateFormatter用来处理时间格式
NSData
const *string = "Hi there, this is a C string!";
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes: string length: strlen(string)+1];
NSLog(@"data is %@", data);
// data is <48692074 68657265 2c207468 69732069 73206120 43207374 72696e67 2100>
NSLog(@"%lu byte string is '%s'", [data length], [data bytes]);
// 30 byte string is 'Hi there, this is a C string!'
- 写入和读取属性列表
写入
NSArray *phrase;
phrase = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"I", @"seem", @"to", @"be", @"a", @"verb", nil];
[phrase writeToFile:@"/tmp/verbiage.txt" atomically:YES];
verbiage.txt内容为：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<array>
<string>I</string>
<string>seem</string>
<string>to</string>
<string>be</string>
<string>a</string>
<string>verb</string>
</array>
</plist>
Mac电脑系统中
~/Library/Preferences下的所有首选项文件和/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/下的系统配置文件都是plist
读取
NSArray *phrase2;
phrase2 = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:@"/tmp/verbiage.txt"];
NSLog(@"%@", phrase2);
-writeToFile:atomically:方法中的atomically表示是否首先将文件内容保存在临时文件中，再将临时文件和原始文件交换。
- 修改对象类型
NSPropertyListSerialization
2 编码对象
无法将对象信息表示为属性列表类。
编码和解码(encoding and decoding) 和 序列化与反序列化(serialization and deserialization) 必须采用NSCoding协议
在Interface Builder中的的对象就被序列化保存到磁盘中了。
NSCoding定义两个方法，用于对象与NSDate之间的转换：
@protocol NSCoding
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder;
- (nullable instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder; // NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER
@end
一个列子
@interface Thingie : NSObject <NSCoding>
{
NSString *name;
int magicNumber;
float shoeSize;
NSMutableArray *subThingies;
}
@property (copy) NSString *name;
@property int magicNumber;
@property float shoeSize;
@property (retain) NSMutableArray *subThingies;
- (id)initWithName: (NSString *) n
magicNumber: (int) mn
shoeSize: (float) ss;
@end // Thingie
Thingie采用了NSCoding协议，要实现编码和解码响应的方法。
@implementation Thingie
@synthesize name;
@synthesize magicNumber;
@synthesize shoeSize;
@synthesize subThingies;
- (id)initWithName: (NSString *) n
magicNumber: (int) mn
shoeSize: (float) ss
{
if (self = [super init])
{
self.name = n;
self.magicNumber = mn;
self.shoeSize = ss;
self.subThingies = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return (self);
}
- (void) encodeWithCoder: (NSCoder *) coder
{
[coder encodeObject: name
forKey: @"name"];
[coder encodeInt: magicNumber
forKey: @"magicNumber"];
[coder encodeFloat: shoeSize
forKey: @"shoeSize"];
[coder encodeObject: subThingies
forKey: @"subThingies"];
} // encodeWithCoder
- (id) initWithCoder: (NSCoder *) decoder
{
if (self = [super init])
{
self.name = [decoder decodeObjectForKey: @"name"];
self.magicNumber = [decoder decodeIntForKey: @"magicNumber"];
self.shoeSize = [decoder decodeFloatForKey: @"shoeSize"];
self.subThingies = [decoder decodeObjectForKey: @"subThingies"];
}
return (self);
} // initWithCoder
- (NSString *) description
{
NSString *description =
[NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@: %d/%.1f %@",
name, magicNumber, shoeSize, subThingies];
return (description);
} // description
@end // Thingie
