①每段中心句:

A well intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

好意的父母让孩子们有防备的防备的反对失败。

B    A psychologist calls children the

overpraised generation.心理学家称呼孩子们为过奖的一代。

C  Dweck has studying how people handle

failure for 40 years .他研究人们怎样处理失败。

D  Talent is genetic.天赋是可以遗传的。

E  No talent is entirely heaven sent and that effort and learning make everything possible.付出努力和学习使任何事情成为可能。

F    Listening for similar remarks from teachers and correct them.听老师的评论然后改正错误。

G    Talent isn’t passed down in the genes ；it is passed down in the mind set.天赋不会随着基因传递，而在思想形式上体现。

H      Instill a passion for learning.在学习上获得激情。

I      Reach goals.实现目标。

K      Encourage children.鼓励孩子。

L      Ask yourself learning.要求自己一直学习。

M      Blame never resolves anything.责备自己不能解决任何事情。

N      Depressed people tend to believe that is just the way they are.沮丧的人倾向于沮丧就是他们生活的方式。

O    The key to getting out of any hole is realizing that you have not just fallen.走出困境的关键是意识到自己已经陷入困境。

P    Think a new thought or idea.想出一个新的方法。

Q    Failure can enhance your brain .失败可以强化自己的大脑。

R      A professor have taken a work about isolated two equally sized centers in the brain and discover these areas interact.

专家做了一个实验，隔离两个同样大小的脑子，发现他们能相互作用。

S      People could learn from their mistakes.人们可以从错误中学到很多。

②每段翻译:

(A)Wellintentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure. The current generation (born between 1980 and 2001) grew up playing sport where scores and performance were downplayed because everyone is a winner.

善意的父母无意中让他们的孩子对失败毫无防备。现在的这一代人(出生于1980年到2001年)在体育运动中长大，分数和成绩都被低估了，因为每个人都是赢家。(B)As a result, Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them the “overpraisedgeneration,” Fortunately, onceyou understand the situation, there's some quick corrective action that can be taken. And even if you're well past your child-rearing years, her advice will help you better withstand setbacks

因此，斯坦福大学的心理学家Carol Dweck博士称他们为“过分赞扬的一代”，幸运的是，一旦你了解了这种情况，这里有一些快速的纠正措施。即使你已经度过了抚养孩子的年龄，她的建议也能帮助你更好地抵御挫折。

(C)Dweck has been studying how people handle failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it. Here's how they work.

Dweck40年来一直在研究人们如何处理失败。她的研究让她发现了两种截然不同的思维模式，它们会极大地影响我们对它的反应。这是它们是如何工作的。

(D)A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic-you're a born artist, point guard, or number person. The fixed mind-set believes it's quick to blame, withdrew, lie and even avoid future challenge or risk.

一种固定的心态是根植于这样一种信念:天赋是遗传的——你是天生的艺术家，控球后卫，或者是数学天才。固定思维认为它很快就会受到责备、收回、撒谎，甚至避免未来的挑战或风险。

(E)Conversely, a growth mind-set assumes that no talent is entirely heave-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as opportunity rather than affront. When challenge, it's quick to reassess, adjust, and try again. In fact, people enjoy this process. We are all born growth mind-set. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to survive in the world.) But parent, coaches, and teacher often push us into fixed mind-set by rewarding certain behavior and misdirecting praise. Dweck 's book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program, brainology.us, explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to guarantee that your kids, grandkids, and even you never get derailed by failure.

相反地，一个增长心态假设没有天赋是完全的，努力和学习使一切成为可能。因为自我并不在这条线上，增长心态把失败看成是机会而不是冒犯。当挑战时，它很快就会重新评估，调整，再试一次。事实上，人们喜欢这个过程。我们都是天生的成长心态。(否则，我们就无法在这个世界上生存下去了。)但是父母、教练和老师经常通过奖励某些行为和误导人来把我们推向固定的心态。德维克的著作《心态:新成功心理学》中,和网上教学计划,brainology。我们，深入地解释一下。但她说，现在你可以开始做很多事情来保证你的孩子，孙子，甚至你永远不会因为失败而脱轨。

F)永远不要称赞一个孩子，说“你这么聪明”。或者“你这么快就把它捡起来了。代替。赞扬你的努力或策略，说“那是你采取这种方法的手段”或“我为你的坚持而自豪”。“听老师的类似的话，纠正他们。”

G)很自然地说，“练习真的会让你变得更好。””而不是询问你付出了最大的努力吗?“解释德维克。“天赋并不是遗传下来的;它在思维定势中被传承下来.

H)而不是标准的“你今天过得怎么样?”(反正每个人都害怕)，问“你今天学到了什么?”或者“你犯了什么错误，教会了你什么?”用热情来描述你正在奋斗的东西。“灌输对学习的热情。””德维克说。

I)不要只问目标;询问实现这些目标的计划。

J)不允许孩子认为自己失败，愚蠢,笨拙。德维克说，从行为到身份的纯粹进步，不要给孩子贴上标签。不要说这个是艺术家，而这个是电脑怪胎。任何人都可以是任何东西

K)如果你遇到怀疑，请让孩子思考一下她曾经的能力低下的领域，现在是擅长的领域，或者回想起她看到某个人学习某件事或以一种不可能的方式改进的时候。

L)而不是让薪水、福利和地位定义工作满意度，问问你自己，你还在学习。如果答案是肯定的，那么你很幸运地找到了一份工作，鼓励增长思维定势把它的挑战视为机遇，而不是压力。如果你已经停止了莱明，那就考虑寻找新的增长途径或者换一份工作。

永远不要解决任何问题，它只是一种固定的心态，坚持认为你是对的。Dweck说:“我们想要责备的是，婚姻的整个意义都是在情绪低落的时候。”

N)抑郁的人倾向于相信他们就是这样的。不要把自己看作是一个失败的产品，而是把自己看作是一个暂时的偏离轨道的工作。Dweck说:“我们认为个性是一种非常稳定的东西，但我们发现，即使是其中的一部分，也可以通过改变思维方式来改变

O)"The key to getting out of any hole is realizing that you haven't just fallen; you've fallen into  something. In fact, if there were such a thing as an opportunity index,it would stand at about 7.5 out of 10 now", says Dweck. Despite the recession, she claims it's a better-than_average time to pursue your dreams.

走出任何一个洞的关键是意识到你并没有跌倒;你了什么东西。事实上，如果有机会指数这样的东西，那么现在就会有7.5分，”Dweck说。尽管经济不景气，但她说追求梦想的时间比平均时间要长。

Not only is there less "noise" in the marketplace because of fewer competitors, but resources are re7atively inexpensive. Plus, if you've recently been downsized, you have time to develop your idea and perhaps even a bit of money to help fund it.

不仅仅是“噪音”在市场上，由于竞争对手较少，但资源的价格低廉。另外，如果你最近被缩减了，你有时间去发展你的想法，甚至还有一点钱来资助它

"Successful entrepreneurs generally ignore the numbers that government puts out on economic growth and unemployment," says Dweck. "I 'm advocating sticking your head in the sand, but what do those numbers really have to do with you Listen to the reports, know the landscape, plug your ears and go on ahead.

“成功的企业家通常会忽视政府对经济增长和失业率的数据。”德维克说。"我主张把你的头放在沙子里，但是这些数字真正与你有什么关系呢你听报告，了解风景，插上你的耳朵然后继续前进

P) To the brain, a new thought or idea is like a spider. If it is industrious enough, an intricate we'o of knowledge comes out from it. Snapshots of the brain taken during learning actually show firing, €;Towing, and forming new connections. This is fascinating in itself, but what's even more fascinating is that failure can cause this.

对大脑来说，一个新的想法或想法就像一只蜘蛛。如果是勤奋，知识是一个复杂的we'o来自它。在学习过程中所拍摄的大脑快照实际上显示了射击、欧元、拖曳和形成新的连接。这本身就很吸引人，但更令人感兴趣的是失败能导致这种情况。是的，失败可以增强你的大脑。当那些有成长能力的人在一项任务中失败时，她发现他们在试图找出他们的错误时进入了一个更集中的精神状态。在随后的试验中，它们改进了。实际上，他们已经学会了，他们的大脑已经长大了。然而，那些有固定思维能力的人，永远不会进入这种专注的学习状态，而且几乎没有进步。

Q) That's right, failure can enhance your brain. When those with growth mind-sets fail at a task, she detects them entering a more focused mental state as they try to figure out their mistakes. And in subsequent trials, they improve. In effect, they've learned, and their brains have " grown". Those with fixed mind-sets, however, never enter this focused state of learning and show little, if any, advancement.

是的，失败可以增强你的大脑。当那些有成长能力的人在一项任务中失败时，她发现他们在试图找出他们的错误时进入了一个更集中的精神状态。在随后的试验中，它们改进了。实际上，他们已经学会了，他们的大脑已经长大了。然而，那些有固定思维能力的人，永远不会进入这种专注的学习状态，而且几乎没有进步。

R) Antoine Bechara, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Sounthern California, has taken Dweck's work a step further. He recently isolated two equally sized centers in the brain; one that he claims is responsible for the fear of failure and the other for the temptation of success. Jt is between these, he says, that the debate between risk and reward occurs. Not unlike the devil and angel on our shoulders, these areas interact during the decision-making process. Although more research is needed, these centers may turn out to be the physical locations for Dweck's twin mind-sets.

Antoine Bechara，一个在南加利福尼亚大学的心理学和神经科学教授Dweck的工作，采取了一步。他最近在大脑中隔离了两个同样大小的中心；一个声称他对失败的恐惧负责，另一个则对成功的诱惑负责。他说，JT在这两者之间发生了风险与回报之间的争论。与我们的肩膀上的恶魔和天使不同，这些区域在决策过程中相互影响。虽然需要更多的研究，这些中心可能会让Dweck的双胞胎心态的物理位置

S) "We always knew people could learn from their mistakes, but now we're finding out exactly. how and where this happens," explain Bechara. "Basically, it all comes down to survival. In a normally functioning brain, failure is welcomed as an opportunity for learning and strengthening the species. "

“我们一直都知道，人可以从错误中学习，但现在我们正在寻找准确。如何以及在何处发生，”Bechara解释。“基本上，一切都取决于生存。在正常运作的大脑中，失败被认为是学习和加强物种的机会。”

③单词:

【intention】

〔单词〕意图，意向，目的

〔音标〕英 [ɪnˈtenʃn]  美 [ɪnˈtɛnʃən]

〔词性〕n. 意向;意图，目的;意义，意旨;[医]愈合

〔英文解释〕an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

〔中文解释〕预期的结果，预期或指导你的计划行动

〔原文例句〕Well-intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

〔例句〕It is my intention to remain in my position until a successor is elected

〔翻译〕我的打算是继续呆在岗位上，直到选出继任者。

【unwittingly】

〔单词〕不知不觉地;无意地;

〔音标〕英 [ʌnˈwɪtɪŋli]  美 [ˌʌnˈwɪtɪŋlɪ]

〔词性〕adv.不知不觉地;无意地;不知情地;不经意地

〔英文解释〕without knowledge or intention

〔中文解释〕没有意识或者没有意图

〔原文例句〕Well-intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

〔例句〕He had been unwittingly deluded by their mystical nonsense.

〔翻译〕他不知不觉被他们故弄玄虚的胡说八道给骗了。

【downplay】

〔单词〕不予重视

〔音标〕英 [ˌdaʊnˈpleɪ]  美 [ˈdaʊnˌple]

〔词性〕vt.不予重视;贬低，轻视;将…轻描淡写

〔英语解释〕understate the importance or quality of

。〔中文解释〕低估重要性或质量

〔原文例句〕performance were downplayed because everyone is a winner

〔例句〕The government is trying to downplay the violence.

〔解释〕政府试图对暴力行为低调处理

【corrective】

〔单词〕矫正的

〔音标〕英 [kəˈrektɪv]  美 [kəˈrɛktɪv]

〔词性〕adj.矫正的;惩治的n.矫正物;改善法;补救药

〔英语解释〕a device for treating injury or disease

〔中文解释〕治疗受伤或疾病的装置

〔原文例句〕there is some quick corrective action that can be taken

〔例句〕Scientific institutions have been reluctant to take corrective action

〔翻译〕科学机构一直不愿作出更正。

【identify】

〔单词〕确定认同

〔音标〕英 [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ]  美 [aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ]

〔词性〕vt.确定;识别，认出;使参与;把…看成一样vi.确定;认同

〔英语解释〕consider to be equal or the same

〔中文解释〕考虑相等或相同

〔原文例句〕her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it.

〔例句〕There are a number of distinguishing characteristics by which you can identify a Hollywood epic

〔翻译〕好莱坞的史诗大片有着一些与众不同的特点。

【dramatically】

〔单词〕戏剧性的，引人注目的

〔音标〕英 [drə'mætɪklɪ]  美 [drəˈmætɪkl:ɪ]

〔词性〕adv.戏剧性地，引人注目地

〔英语解释〕with respect to dramatic value

〔中文解释〕关于戏剧价值

〔原文例句〕her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it.

〔例句〕I cut my purchases dramatically by the simple expedient of destroying my credit cards.

〔翻译〕通过销毁信用卡这一简单的权宜之计，我大幅削减了自己的购物支出。

【affront】

〔单词〕侮辱

〔音标〕英 [əˈfrʌnt]  美 [əˈfrʌnt]

〔词性〕n.（当众）侮辱，（故意）冒犯vt.冒犯;面对;公开侮辱;<古>相遇

〔英语解释〕a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect

〔中文解释〕故意冒犯的行为或产生故意不尊重的行为的行为

〔原文例句〕the fixed mind-set believes it is entitled to success without much effort and regards failure as personal affront.

〔例句〕It's an affront to human dignity to keep someone alive like this

〔解释〕如此维持一个人的生命是对人类尊严的冒犯

【derail】

〔单词〕精神错乱

〔音标〕英 [dɪˈreɪl]  美 [diˈrel]

〔词性〕vt.& vi.出轨vt.使（火车）出轨，使脱轨

〔英语解释〕run off or leave the rails

〔中文解释〕跑开或离开铁轨

〔原文例句〕and even you never get.derailed by failure

〔例句〕The present wave of political killings is the work of people trying to derail peace talks.

〔翻译〕当前的这一系列政治谋杀乃是那些想阻挠和平谈判的人所为。

【skepticism】

〔单词〕怀疑态度

〔音标〕英 [‘skeptɪsɪzəm]  美 [ˈskɛptɪˌsɪzəm]

〔词性〕n.怀疑态度，怀疑论;多疑癖

〔英语解释〕doubt about the truth of something

〔中文解释〕怀疑某事的真实性

〔原文例句〕if you encounter skepticism

〔例句〕It was so novel that he was concerned it might raise skepticism among colleagues and academics.

〔翻译〕这个项目太新颖了，他担心这会在同事和学者之间引起怀疑。

【approach】

〔单词〕接近

〔音标〕英 [əˈprəʊtʃ]  美 [əˈproʊtʃ]

〔词性〕vt.& vi.接近，走近，靠近vt.接近;着手处理;使移近;试图贿赂（或影响，疏通）n.方法;途径;接近vi.靠近

〔英语解释〕the act of drawing spatially closer to something

〔中文解释〕图纸空间接近某物的行为

〔原文例句〕that was clever of you to take that approach.

〔例句〕The Bank has approached the issue in a practical way

〔翻译〕银行已经实际解决了这个问题

status

[原文例句]Instead of letting salary,benefits,and status denfine job satisfaction

[音标] /ˈstetəs/

[英文解释] C,Uthe official legal position or condition of a person, group, country etc

[中文解释]  n.地位；重要身份,社会地位; 职业地位

[例句] People of higher status tend more to use certain drugs.（社会地位较高的人更倾向于使用某些药物）

avenues

[原文例句] If you’ve stopped learning,then consider looking either for new avenues of growth or for another job.

[音标]  /avenue/

[英文解释] a line of approach

[中文解释] n.途径

[例句] They explored every avenue they could think of .（他们探索他们可以想到的没一个办法）

tempted

[原文例句] The next time you’re tempted to blame

[音标]/ ˈtɛmptɪd/

[英文解释]  If you say that you are tempted to do something, you mean that you would like to do it.

[中文解释] adj.被引诱 (而想做) 的

[例句] The new program is designed to tempt young people into studying physics. （这个新计划是为了吸引年轻人学习物理学）

derailed

[原文例句] Istead of viewing yourself as a failed end product,think of yourself as a temporarily derailed work in progress.

[音标] /derail/

[英文解释] run off or leave the rails

[中文解释] adj.出轨的，偏离轨道的

[例句] the train derailed because a cow was standing on the tracks （火车因为一头牛在轨道上而偏离轨道）

stable

[原文例句]we usually think of personality as something very stable

[音标] / 'steɪbəl /

[原文解释] steady and not likely to move or change

[中文解释] adj.稳定的；牢固的；不变的

[例句] A wide base will make the structure much more stable.(宽大的底座会使结构牢固许多)

shifting

[原文例句] but we’re finding that even core parts of it can be changed by shifting mind-sets.

[音标] /shifting/

[英文解释] changing position or direction

[中文解释] v.改变

[例句] he drifted into the shifting crowd （他进入了人群）

entrepreneur

[原文例句] successful entrepreneurs generally ignore the number

[音标]  /entrepreneur/

[英文解释] someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it

[中文解释] n.企业家

[例句] These problems severely hinder the energy of entrepreneurs. （这些问题的存在，严重制约了企业家积极性的发挥）

enhance

[原文例句] That’s right,failure can enhance your brain.

[音标] /enhance/

[英文解释] make better or more attractive

[中文解释] v.提升，提高

[例句] Good lighting will enhance any room.

（良好的照明能给房间增色不少）

subsequent

[原文例句] And in subsequent trials,they improve.

[音标] /subsequent/

[英文解释] following in time or order subsequent developments

[中文解释] adj.后来的

[例句]Some error messages will be displayed, but you can ignore them, because we'll correct them in the subsequent steps. (这将显示一些错误消息，但您可以忽略它们，因为我们将在随后的步骤中更正这些错误)

neuroscience

[中文解释] a professor of psychology and neuroscience

[音标] /neuroscience/

[英文解释]the scientific study of the nervous system

[中文解释]n.神经系统科学（指神经病学、 神经化学等）

[例句]They are members of the Institute for Neuroscience and Center for Perceptual Systems.（ 他们是神经系统科学和感知系统中心协会的会员）

④读后感:

通过阅读这篇文章，我知道了心态是最重要的。特别是当经历过失败之后，心态更加尤为重要。在对孩子方面。无论是在学校，还是在运动上，甚至在晚餐桌上，都应该给予鼓励。给孩子营造一种良好的心态。而对自己。在工作时更要努力工作。肩负起自己应该尽到的责任与义务。就算心情不好的时候改变心态才会使生活继续。在落魄的日子中，更要不畏艰难继续前进。当遇到失败时。更不要灰心，因为失败促进大脑成长，并且与成功息息相关。相信失败是成功之母下一次，一定可以做得更好。 By reading this article, I learned that mindset is the most important thing. Especially when it comes to failure. In terms of children. It should be encouraged, whether in school or in sports, or even on the dinner table. Create a good mindset for your child. And to myself. Work harder at work. Shoulder the responsibility and obligation that should be done. Change your mindset even when you're in a bad mood. In the day of defeat, more should not be afraid to carry on. When you fail. Don't lose heart, because failure promotes the growth of your brain and is closely linked to success. Belief in failure is the mother of success and can do better next time.The above is my reading book.