Curator解决了很多Zookeeper客户端非常底层的细节开发工作,包括连接重连,反复注册Watcher和NodeExistsException异常等。此外还有zkClient和Zooleeper自带的Java API。
添加依赖:
在pom.xml文件中添加如下内容即可。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-client</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
创建会话:
Curator除了使用一般方法创建会话外,还可以使用fluent风格进行创建。
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
public class Create_Session_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3);
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder().connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000).retryPolicy(retryPolicy).namespace("base").build();
client.start();
System.out.println("Zookeeper session established. ");
}
}
运行结果:
Zookeeper session1 established.
Zookeeper session2 established.
session会话含有隔离命名空间,即客户端对Zookeeper上数据节点的任何操作都是相对/base目录进行的,这有利于实现不同的Zookeeper的业务之间的隔离。当然也可以不设置。
创建节点:
通过使用Fluent风格的接口,开发人员可以进行自由组合来完成各种类型节点的创建。
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
public class Create_Node_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book/c1";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.namespace("base")
.build();
client.start();
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded()
.withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.forPath(path, "i am c1".getBytes());
System.out.println("success create znode: " + path);
}
}
运行结果:
success create znode: /zk-book/c1
其中,也创建了/base/zk-book/c1的父节点/base/zk-book节点。
删除节点:
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
public class Del_Data_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book/c1";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.namespace("base")
.build();
client.start();
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded()
.withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.forPath(path, "i am c1".getBytes());
System.out.println("success create znode: " + path);
//以上,节点创建完成。
Stat stat = new Stat();
System.out.println(new String(client.getData().storingStatIn(stat).forPath(path)));
client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().withVersion(stat.getVersion()).forPath(path);
System.out.println("success delete znode " + path);
}
}
运行结果:
i am c1
success delete znode /zk-book/c1
获取数据:
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
public class Get_Data_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder().connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000).retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3)).build();
client.start();
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath(path, "i am c1".getBytes());
Stat stat = new Stat();
byte b[] = client.getData().storingStatIn(stat).forPath(path);
System.out.println(new String(b));
}
}
运行结果:
i am c1
更新数据:
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
public class Set_Data_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder().connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000).retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3)).build();
client.start();
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath(path, "i am c1".getBytes());
stat = client.setData().withVersion(stat.getVersion()).forPath(path);
System.out.println("Success set node for : " + path + ", new version: "+ stat.getVersion());
}
}
运行结果:
Success set node for : /zk-book, new version: 1
异步接口:
如同Zookeeper原生API提供了异步接口,Curator也提供了异步接口。在Zookeeper中,所有的异步通知事件处理都是由EventThread这个线程来处理的,EventThread线程用于串行处理所有的事件通知,其可以保证对事件处理的顺序性,但是一旦碰上复杂的处理单元,会消耗过长的处理时间,从而影响其他事件的处理,Curator允许用户传入Executor实例,这样可以将比较复杂的事件处理放到一个专门的线程池中去。
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.BackgroundCallback;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.CuratorEvent;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
public class Create_Node_Background_Sample {
static String path = "/zk-book";
static CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder().connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000).retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3)).build();
static CountDownLatch semaphore = new CountDownLatch(2);
static ExecutorService tp = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
client.start();
System.out.println("Main thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.inBackground(
new BackgroundCallback(){
public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("event[code: " + event.getResultCode() + ", type: " + event.getType() + "]" + ", Thread of processResult: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
semaphore.countDown();
}
}, tp
)
.forPath(path, "init".getBytes());
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.inBackground(
new BackgroundCallback(){
public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("event[code: " + event.getResultCode() + ", type: " + event.getType() + "]" + ", Thread of processResult: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
semaphore.countDown();
}
}
)
.forPath(path, "init".getBytes());
semaphore.await();
tp.shutdown();
}
}
运行结果:
Main thread: main
event[code: -110, type: CREATE], Thread of processResult: main-EventThread
event[code: 0, type: CREATE], Thread of processResult: pool-3-thread-1
其中,创建节点的事件由线程池自己处理,而非默认线程处理。
节点监听:
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
public class NodeCache_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book/nodecache";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.namespace("base")
.build();
client.start();
//新建节点
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath(path, "i am nodecache".getBytes());
//监听
final NodeCache cache = new NodeCache(client, path, false);
cache.start(true);
cache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Node data update, new data: " + new String(cache.getCurrentData().getData()));
}
});
//更新节点
client.setData().forPath(path, "u".getBytes());
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
运行结果:
Node data update, new data: u
当节点数据变更后收到了通知。NodeCache不仅可以监听数据节点的内容变更,也能监听指定节点是否存在。
子节点监听:
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache.StartMode;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheEvent;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
public class PathChildrenCache_Sample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book/nodecache";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.namespace("base")
.build();
client.start();
PathChildrenCache cache = new PathChildrenCache(client, path, true);
cache.start(StartMode.POST_INITIALIZED_EVENT);
cache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
switch (event.getType()) {
case CHILD_ADDED:
System.out.println("CHILD_ADDED," + event.getData().getPath());
break;
case CHILD_UPDATED:
System.out.println("CHILD_UPDATED," + event.getData().getPath());
break;
case CHILD_REMOVED:
System.out.println("CHILD_REMOVED," + event.getData().getPath());
break;
default:
break;
}
}
});
client.create().withMode(CreateMode.PERSISTENT).forPath(path);
client.create().withMode(CreateMode.PERSISTENT).forPath(path + "/c1");
client.delete().forPath(path + "/c1");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
运行结果:
CHILD_ADDED,/zk-book/c1
CHILD_REMOVED,/zk-book/c1
监听节点的子节点,包括新增、数据变化、删除三类事件。
Master选举:
借助Zookeeper,开发者可以很方便地实现Master选举功能,其大体思路如下:选择一个根节点,如/master_select,多台机器同时向该节点创建一个子节点/master_select/lock,利用Zookeeper特性,最终只有一台机器能够成功创建,成功的那台机器就是Master。
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.leader.LeaderSelector;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.leader.LeaderSelectorListenerAdapter;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
public class Recipes_MasterSelect {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path = "/zk-book/nodecache";
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(5000)
.retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
.namespace("base")
.build();
client.start();
LeaderSelector selector = new LeaderSelector(client, master_path, new LeaderSelectorListenerAdapter() {
public void takeLeadership(CuratorFramework client) throws Exception {
System.out.println("成为Master角色");
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println("完成Master操作,释放Master权利");
}
});
selector.autoRequeue();
selector.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
运行结果:
成为Master角色
完成Master操作,释放Master权利
成为Master角色
以上结果会反复循环,并且当一个应用程序完成Master逻辑后,另外一个应用程序的相应方法才会被调用,即当一个应用实例成为Master后,其他应用实例会进入等待,直到当前Master挂了或者推出后才会开始选举Master。