基于一对多

• $效果图:

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• 在数据库表中添加数据方法:

• ({方向键}:向下[↓], 向[→],向左[←],向上[↑], Enter是确定, Ctrl+s是保存,写好数据之后点(提交))

  
  
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• 刷新浏览器[外键实现增加用户（含select标签）]效果图:

  
  
  image.png

• 过程代码:

  
  
  image.png

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• models.py:

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class UserGroup(models.Model):  # models.Model注意一定要有否则不能创建表
    # AutoField(primary_key=True)表示自增, 固定写法
    uid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)
    uptime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)


class UserInfo(models.Model):
    # Django自动创建id列,自增,主键
    # 用户名列,字符串类型,指定长度
    # 字符串.数字.时间.二进制
    username = models.CharField(max_length=32,blank=True,verbose_name="用户名")
    password = models.CharField(max_length=60,help_text='pwd')
    email = models.CharField(max_length=60)
    test = models.EmailField(max_length=19,null=True)
    # user_group_id 数字
    user_group = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup',to_field='uid')

    # 下面的数据会放到内存
    user_type_choice = (
        (1, '超级用户'),
        (2, '普通用户'),
        (3, '一般用户'),
    )
    user_type_id = models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice, default=1)

• views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect


def login(request):
    models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='DBA')

    # 判断用户获取数据方式是GET,就返回什么数据
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request, 'login.html')
    # 判断用户获取数据方式是POST,就判断用户提交的数据是否正确
    elif request.method == "POST":
        # 数据表中执行 select * from user where username='x' and password='x'
        u = request.POST.get('user')
        p = request.POST.get('pwd')
        obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()
        # print(obj)  obj->None(就是没有这个用户)
        if obj:
            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')
        else:
            return render(request, 'login.html')
    else:
        # PUT,DELETE,HEAD,OPTION...
        return redirect("/index/")


def index(request):
    return render(request, 'index.html')


def user_info(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        group_list = models.UserGroup.objects.all()

        return render(request, 'user_info.html', {'user_list':user_list, "group_list":group_list})
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        u = request.POST.get('user')
        p = request.POST.get('pwd')
        models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u,password=p)
        return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')  # 效果跟下面两个一样(在浏览器添加数据到数据库)
        # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        # return render(request,'user_info.html', {'user_list':user_list})


def user_detail(request,nid):
    obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    # 取单条数据,如果不存在,直接报错(不推荐)
    # models.UserInfo.objects.get(id=nid)
    return render(request, 'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})


def user_del(request,nid):
    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')


def user_edit(request,nid):
    if request.method == "GET":
        obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
        return render(request, 'user_edit.html',{'obj':obj})
    elif request.method == "POST":
        nid = request.POST.get('id')
        u = request.POST.get('username')
        p = request.POST.get('password')
        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(username=u,password=p)
        # 跳转到自己所想的页面(html)
        return redirect("/cmdb/user_info/")


from app01 import models
def orm(request):
    # 创建  操作数据操作表(推荐)*****************
    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123')

    # 效果同上
    # dic = {'username': 'eric', 'password':'666'}
    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(**dic)

    # 效果(作用)同上
    # obj = models.UserInfo(username='root',password='123')
    # obj.save()

    # 查   ******************
    # result = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    # filter查找哪一个
    # result = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root')
    # result,QuerySet => Django => []
    # [obj(id,username,password), obj(id,username,password), obj(id,username,password)]
    # for row in result:
    #     print(row.id,row.username,row.password)
    # print(result)

    # 删除*********************all(), filter()
    # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username="root").delete()

    # 更新**********************update(),all(), filter()
    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3).update(password='889')

    # 一对多
    # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(
    #     username='root1',
    #     password='123',
    #     email='asdfasdf',
    #     test='asdfasdf',
    #     user_group_id=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).first()
    # )
    models.UserInfo.objects.create(
        username='root1',
        password='123',
        email='asdfasdf',
        test='asdfasdf',
        user_group_id=1,
    )

    return HttpResponse('orm')


from django.views import View


class Home(View):

    # 调用父类中的dispatch(相当于助理,)
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        print('before')
        result = super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
        print('after')
        return result

    def get(self,request):
        print(request.method)
        return render(request, 'home.html')

    def post(self,request):
        print(request.method, 'POST')
        return render(request, 'home.html')

• user_info.html

  
  
  image.png

• user_info.html代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        body{
            margin:0;
        }
        .menu{
            display:block;
            padding:5px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">
        Guido（Python之父，仁慈的独裁者）
    </div>
    <div>
        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left:0;width:200px;background-color: brown;">
            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>
            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>
        <div style="position: absolute;top:48px;left:210px;bottom:0;right:0;overflow: auto">

            <h3>添加用户</h3>
            <form method="POST" action="/cmdb/user_info/">
                <input type="text" name="user">
                <input type="text" name="pwd">

                <select name="group_id" id="">
                    {% for item in group_list %}
                        <option value="{{item.uid}}">{{item.caption}}</option>
                    {% endfor %}
                </select>

                <input type="submit" value="添加">
            </form>

            <h3>用户列表</h3>
            <ul>
                {% for row in user_list %}
                    <li>
                        <a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{row.username}}</a> |
                        <span>{{row.user_group.caption}} </span>
                        <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/">删除</a> |
                        <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/">编辑</a> |
                    </li>
                {% endfor %}
            </ul>


        </div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>