For some parents, spanking a child who misbehaves is a common punishment.
对有些家长来说,打不听话的孩子是家常便饭。
In fact, they may think that 【a physical type of punishment】 is good for children
实际上，他们认为体罚对孩子有好处，
and will 【teach them to behave】 in the future.
teach sb. to behave 教某人如何表现
可以让他们以后好好表现。
However, a leading group of child health specialists suggests that the opposite is true.
然而,一个由儿童健康专家组成的领导小组认为,情况恰恰相反
These experts say that spanking 【is not only】 ineffective,
这几位专家说,打孩子不但没有效果，
it may even 【cause long-term harm to】 the child.
cause harm to... 给……带来伤害
Eg: Being addicted to smoking can cause serious harm to our lung function.
还可能对孩子造成长期伤害。
The American Academy of Pediatrics recently amended its policy
美国儿科学会最近修订了
on physical punishment for a child.
有关体罚孩子的政策。
Released in October, the academy warns that spanking a child can cause long-term effects.
在10月公布的政策中,儿科学会提醒家长,打孩子会造成长期的影响。
These effects include
这些影响包括
"aggression,brain changes,substance abuse and suicide behavior in adulthood.“
具有攻击性、大脑改变、滥用药物以及成年后的自杀行为。”
The report admits that not every child who is spanked
这份报告承认,不是每个被体罚过的孩子
will have these problems later in life.
在将来的生活中都会产生这些问题
It makes this observation:
报告作出了如下评论:
“Although many children who were spanked become happy,healthy adults,
“尽管许多被体罚过的孩子成年后快乐、健康，
current evidence suggests that spanking is not necessary
但现有证据表明,体罚没有必要，
and may 【result in】 long-term harm."
导致
而且可能造成长期伤害。
In recent years, many American experts have been 【advising parents
近几年来，美国很多专家告诫家长
against】 the use of physical punishment.
advise against 告诫；劝阻
Eg: My parents always advise against hasty actions. hasty 轻率/草率的
不要体罚
Many other countries have already banned 【corporal punishment】.
体罚
其它许多国家也已经禁止体罚。
Sweden was the first nation to do so in 1966.
瑞典在1966年禁止,是第一个这么做的国家。
Earlier studies have shown that
先前的研究显示
corporal punishment can also affect a child's ability to think and learn.
体罚可能影响孩子的思考和学习能力。
In 2012, a Canadian study found that spanking children
2012年,加拿大的一份研究发现体罚孩子
can cause long-term developmental damage
会对发育造成长期的损害，
and may even 【lower】 a child's intelligence test scores.
使降低
Eg: He lowerd his head in embarrassment.
甚至可能降低孩子的智商测试分数。
They found that such punishment makes children more aggressive and antisocial.
他们发现体罚会造成孩子更加好斗、孤僻。
They also found that it can lead to depression and drug abuse.
他们还发现体罚可能会造成抑郁和毒品滥用。
A report on this study and its findings were published in The Canadian Medical Association Journal.
关于这份研究的报告及其研究结论发布在加拿大医学协会期刊
The American Academy of Pediatrics also 【warns against】
警告不去做……
Eg: The travel agency warned against going to the region at this time.
美国儿科协会还反对
using strong verbal abuse or shame to discipline a child.
使用言语暴力或利用羞耻心惩罚孩子。
These types of punishment can also cause long-term problems for a child.
这些惩罚会给孩子造成长期的问题。
Instead,they suggest other types of punishment that are appropriate for the age of the child.
相反,协会建议采用其他适合孩子年龄的惩罚方式。
For younger children, punishment could be taking away a favorite toy
对于年幼的孩子, 惩罚可以是拿走心爱的玩具。
For older children, a parent can limit the time the child spends
对年纪大些的孩子,家长可以限制
watching television or playing with computers or electronic games.
他们看电视、玩电脑或电子游戏的时间。
