1. Prepare VM
2. Prepare OS: CentOS7
参考link: https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/independent/install-kubeadm/
Before you begin
OS: CentOS 7
2 GB or more of RAM per machine (any less will leave little room for your apps)(安装之前配置)
2 CPUs or more(安装之前配置)
Full network connectivity between all machines in the cluster (public or private network is fine)
Unique hostname, MAC address, and product_uuid for every node
Certain ports are open on your machines. See the section below for more details
Swap disabled. You MUST disable swap in order for the kubelet to work properly
每个node要有不同的host_name,MAC address和Product_UUID
两台虚拟机
1. Master: 带界面
2. Node
方法一:在安装CentOS过程中,打开network 设置,在这里设置上述属性
方法二:可在shell中更改
>>hostname 查询主机名
node安装docker
所有的机器以root账户运行
>>yum install -y docker
如果出现无法联网,解决方法如下:
方法一、
1、打开 vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0(每个机子都可能不一样,但格式会是“ifcfg-eth数字”),把ONBOOT=no,改为ONBOOT=yes
2、重启网络:service network restart
方法二、
1、打开 vi /etc/resolv.conf,增加 nameserver 8.8.8.8
2、重启网络: service network restart
配置docker的group (可选?在我的实践中并没有进行这个配置,但是并没有出现问题)
cat << EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
安装 kubeadm, kubelet 和 kubectl
kubeadm the command to bootstrap the cluster
kubelet the component that run on all of the machines in your cluster and does things like starting pods and containters
kubectl the command line util to talk to your cluster
安装kubeadm, kubelet和kubect前,需做如下配置
配置Kubernetes repo,为了能使用yum来安装kubenetes
cat < <EOF < /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
setenforce 0 关闭SELinux -- 这个需要修改/etc/selinux/config来彻底关闭SELinux,否则无法正常启动服务,修改了/etc/selinux/config以后需要重启机器来使配置修改生效
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
关闭swap 在每个vi 机器上运行 swapoff -a
systemctl stop firewalld.service
运行 创建 cluster
kubeadm init 进行初始化
kubeadm reset: 重置kubeadm状态
根据选择的pod network 选择使用一个相应的flag, 对于Flannel 需要使用 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 这是一个固定式无需修改
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
kubeadm 再次运行之前需要先 tearing down cluster: kubeadm reset
如果有两个网卡的话,需要指定network interface --apiserver-advertise-address=<ip-address>
由于使用了Flannel所有这个命令要变种为 kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.102 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --- 这个命令仅使用与我自己的配置了双网卡的机器
加载配置
root 用户
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
非 root 用户po
pod network --- 使DNS服务启动
这里我们用 Flannel配置 iptable sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
应用 kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/v0.9.1/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
节点:
Note节点直接运行 kubuadm init输出的那个kubeadm join 命令来加入master节点
注意Node节点上也需要运行 systemctl start kubelet
前面一直到初始化,操作都一致
查看命令
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
安装Dashboard 服务
kubectl apply -fhttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
运行 kubectl proxy
在master机器上访问http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/
运行Dashboard的时候可能需要只让系统保留一个网卡运行,之前两个网卡的时候打不开dashboard,用了一个网卡的环境可以打开
dashborad网页打开需要输入token
参看网页https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/wiki/Creating-sample-user
创建admin-user, 创建一个yaml文件并输入以下内容,并运行命令kubectl create -f xxx.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
创建 ClusterRoleBinding,创建一个yaml文件并输入以下内容,并运行命令kubectl create -f xxx.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Others:
进入 heapster-1.5.0/deploy/kube-config/influxdb 修改grafana.yaml 中的 GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL uncomments apiservier设置
运行sh heapster-1.5.0/deploy/kube.sh start
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces 查看所有运行的服务的状态
在使用ss 代理的情况下,需要先把需要的image pull下来
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.9.1
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.9.1
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.9.1
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.9.1
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/etcd-amd64:3.1.10
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/pause-amd64:3.0
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64:1.14.7
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64:1.14.7
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64:1.14.7
在work节点上也需要pull 镜像,只需要pull docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.9.1
要是服务能够整个的运行需要彻底关闭SELinux,这需要设置 /etc/selinux/config
问题速查:
docker logs 查docker运行过程中的问题
https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-init/
中文参考
运行init成功的例子:
Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully!
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node
as root:
kubeadm join --token cb327c.f171b1e736a5184e 192.168.56.102:6443 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:392545adad830f474ee0409691d1cb9a6d8f2499decdd903c788ccb60e2cb247
额外参考: https://www.jianshu.com/p/9c7e1c957752