一、创建爬虫项目
通过xshell连接了服务器，并在服务器中输入scrapy startproject quetos创建项目，项目名quotes。
二、定义item
将quotes文件夹中的item.py下载并修改，代码如下：
class QuotesItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
content = scrapy.Field()
author = scrapy.Field()
tags = scrapy.Field()
三、编写爬虫文件
创建quotesspider.py，并上传至spider文件夹中。quotesspider代码如下：
import scrapy
from quotes.items import QuotesItem
class quotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'quotes'
start_urls = ['http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1']
def parse(self, response):
for motto in response.xpath('//div[@class="quote"]'):
item = QuotesItem()
item['content'] = motto.xpath('./span[@class="text"]/text()').extract_first()
item['author'] = motto.xpath('.//small[@class="author"]/text()').extract_first()
item['tags'] = motto.xpath('.//a[@class="tag"]//text()').extract()
yield item
next_page = response.xpath('//a[contains(text(),"Next")]/@href').extract_first()
if next_page:
next_page = response.urljoin(next_page)
yield scrapy.Request(next_page, callback=self.parse)
四、爬虫结果
输入scrapy crawl quotesspider -o quotes.json，爬取结果保存在quotes.json文件里。部分爬取结果如下：
