Portage手册

名称

portage - Gentoo的核心（the heart of Gentoo)

描述

现行版本的portage代码使用了很多不同的配置文件，其中有很多配置文件大多数的用户和开发者都不熟悉。这里我们试图收集所有的关于portage的零碎信息来帮助用户更高效地利用portage。

术语表

DEPEND atom

atom是category/packagename或运算符加category/packagename加连字符加版本的形式。atom可以后缀slot。例如

Atom Bases： sys-apps/sed
Atom Versions: sys-apps/sed-4.0.5
Atom Prefix Operators [> >= = <= <]: >=media-libs/libgd-1.6
Extended Atom Prefixes [!~] and Postfixes [*]:

扩展atom语法

仓库约束
带有仓库约束的atoms在右侧添加::分隔符，加上仓库名称。例如sys-apps/sed::gentoo

仓库名应该和repos.conf文件中的repo_name值对应。

通配符方式
例如 =*/*-*9999*, =*/*-*_beta*, sys-apps/*, */zlib, net-*/*, */*::gentoo

KEYWORD

KEYWORDS = [-~][x86,ppc,sparc,mips,alpha,arm,hppa]
unmasked for testing ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~arch"

具体文件描述

/etc/portage/
make.conf,
package.accept_keywords,

# always use unstable libgd 
media-libs/libgd ~x86 
# only use stable mplayer 
media-video/mplayer -~x86 
# always use unstable netcat 
net-analyzer/netcat

package.license,
package.mask,Useful if specific versions of packages do not work well for you.
package.use,
repos.conf,
sets.conf,
/etc/portage/sets/,

Portage具体文件列表

/etc/portage/make.profile/ or /etc/make.profile/
   site-specific overrides go in /etc/portage/profile/
    deprecated
    eapi
    make.defaults
    packages
    packages.build
    package.accept_keywords
    package.bashrc
    package.keywords
    package.mask
    package.provided
    package.unmask
    package.use
    package.use.force
    package.use.mask
    package.use.stable.force
    package.use.stable.mask
    parent
    profile.bashrc
    soname.provided
    use.force
    use.mask
    use.stable.mask
    use.stable.force
    virtuals

/etc/portage/

    bashrc
    categories
    color.map
    license_groups
    make.conf(5)
    mirrors
    modules
    package.accept_keywords
    package.accept_restrict
    package.env
    package.keywords
    package.license
    package.mask
    package.properties
    package.unmask
    package.use
    postsync.d
    repo.postsync.d
    repos.conf
    sets.conf

/etc/portage/env/
    package-specific bashrc files 
/etc/portage/profile/
    site-specific overrides of /etc/portage/make.profile/ 
/etc/portage/sets/
    user-defined package sets 
/usr/portage/

    sets.conf

/usr/portage/metadata/

    layout.conf
    pkg_desc_index

/usr/portage/profiles/

    arch.list
    categories
    info_pkgs
    info_vars
    license_groups
    make.defaults
    package.mask
    package.unmask
    package.use
    package.use.force
    package.use.mask
    package.use.stable.force
    package.use.stable.mask
    profiles.desc
    repo_name
    thirdpartymirrors
    use.desc
    use.force
    use.local.desc
    use.mask
    use.stable.mask
    use.stable.force

/usr/share/portage/config/

    make.globals
    repos.conf
    sets

/var/cache/edb/
    misc internal cache files 
/var/db/pkg/
    database to track installed packages 
/var/lib/portage/

    config
    world
    world_sets

Portage手册翻译摘要