微信对于卡券签名规则说的不准确,并且微信自己的签名算法工具:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=cardsign,签名的顺序是错误的,微信对于这部分的文档,多处说明不一致,所以自己总结如下:
一.概念
- 属于微信网页开发;
- 在h5页面中使用js方式,调用微信微信js-sdk包中的批量添加卡券接口;
- 也就是使用h5的方式投放卡券;
- 什么是自定义code,什么是预存code模式,什么是可导入code,请查看我的另一篇文章:自定义code卡券
二.准备工作
-
先登录微信公众平台进入“公众号设置”的“功能设置”里填写“JS接口安全域名”。
备注:登录后可在“开发者中心”查看对应的接口权限。
image.png - 下载
MP_verify_....txt
到开发者服务器;
三.调用微信js-sdk接口
- 在需要调用JS接口的页面引入如下JS文件,(支持https):http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.2.0.js
image.png
- 在前台页面通过config接口注入权限验证配置(签名),页面初始化触发
sample.php内容
|<?php
//加载签名php文件
@|require_once "jssdk.php";
@|$jssdk = new JSSDK("appid", "appsecret");
@|$signPackage = $jssdk->getSignPackage(1);
@|?>
@|<!DOCTYPE html>
@|<html lang="en">
@|<head>
@| <meta charset="UTF-8">
@| <title>js-sdk-测试</title>
@| <!-- 添加适应手机端 -->
@| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initital-scale-1">
@|</head>
@|<body>
@| <button id="addCard">添加卡券到卡包</button>
@|</body>
@|<script src="https://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"></script>
@|<script>
@| wx.config({
@| debug: true,
@| appId: '<?php echo $signPackage["appId"];?>', // 必填,公众号的唯一标识
@| timestamp: <?php echo $signPackage["timestamp"];?>, // 必填,生成签名的时间戳
@| nonceStr: '<?php echo $signPackage["nonceStr"];?>',// 必填,生成签名的随机串
@| signature: '<?php echo $signPackage["signature"];?>',// 必填,签名
@| jsApiList: [
@| // 所有要调用的 API 都要加到这个列表中
@| 'addCard' //批量添加卡券接口
@| ]
@| });
//通过ready接口处理成功验证,调用具体的sdk接口
wx.ready(function () {
@| //添加卡券到卡包
@| document.getElementById("addCard").onclick = function()
@| {
@| alert("添加卡券");
@| <?php
@| //$cardArr['cardId'] = 'pNKvmjugBuDfpV8FyiK9BrFPSvLs';
@| $cardArr['cardId'] = 'pNKvmjpkxUXWAtHxdjbE8dvFzNP4';
@| $cardArr['code'] = '123456';
@| //微信卡券签名
@| $cardSign = $jssdk->getSignPackage(2,$cardArr);
@| $timestamp = $cardSign["timestamp"];
@| $signature = $cardSign["signature"];
@| $nonceStr = $cardSign["nonceStr"];
@| ?>
@| wx.addCard({
@| cardList:[
@| {
@| cardId: 'pNKvmjpkxUXWAtHxdjbE8dvFzNP4',
@| cardExt: '{"code":"123456","timestamp":"<?php echo $timestamp;?>","signature":"<?php echo $s
@|ignature;?>","nonce_str":"<?php echo $nonceStr;?>"}'
@| }
@| ],
@| success: function (res) {
@| alert('已添加卡券:' + JSON.stringify(res.cardList));
@| },
@| cancel: function (res) {
@| alert("用户点击取消:"+JSON.stringify(res))
@| },
| fail: function(res){
@| alert("调用失败"+JSON.stringify(res))
@| }
@| });
@| }
})
</script>
<html>
- 以上微信卡券签名:
$cardArr['cardId'] = 'pNKvmjpkxUXWAtHxdjbE8dvFzNP4';
$cardArr['code'] = '123456';
$cardSign = $jssdk->getSignPackage(2,$cardArr);
$timestamp = $cardSign["timestamp"];
$signature = $cardSign["signature"];
$nonceStr = $cardSign["nonceStr"];
?>
和
cardId: 'pNKvmjpkxUXWAtHxdjbE8dvFzNP4',
cardExt: '{"code":"123456","timestamp":"<?php echo $timestamp;?>","signature":"<?php echo $signature;?>","nonce_str":"<?php echo $nonceStr;?>"}
要保持code和cardId一致,并且cardExt=字符串方式,在卡券创建时候使用的是预存或非自定义code的时候,code参数无需指定,否则签名失败
四.签名说明
- 本例中在
jssdk.php
中做的签名(也是官方的demo) - 我在签名方法
getSignPackage
中添加了两个参数,type=1:普通js_sdk,2:微信卡券js_sdk, - 因为调用微信js-sdk卡券接口,需要有额外的签名,也就是说调用普通的js-sdk接口只需要在页面初始化的时候使用wx.config签名即可,但是如果调用js-sdk微信卡券接口,需要在调用的时候做一次针对微信卡券接口的签名;
- 所以调用微信js-sdk卡券接口,需要做两次签名
第一次:js-sdk签名
第二次:微信卡券js-sdk签名
因为两次的签名算法不一样
1 <?php
2 class JSSDK {
3 private $appId;
4 private $appSecret;
5
6 public function __construct($appId, $appSecret) {
7 $this->appId = $appId;
8 $this->appSecret = $appSecret;
9 }
10
11 /**
12 * type 1:普通js_sdk,2:微信卡券js_sdk
13 */
14 public function getSignPackage($type,$cardArrs=array()) {
15 $jsapiTicket = $this->getJsApiTicket($type);
16
17 // 注意 URL 一定要动态获取,不能 hardcode.
18 $protocol = (!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] !== 'off' || $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] == 443) ? "httt
ps://" : "http://";
19 $url = "$protocol$_SERVER[HTTP_HOST]$_SERVER[REQUEST_URI]";
20
21 $timestamp = time();
22 $nonceStr = $this->createNonceStr();
23
24 if($type==1)
25 {
26 // 普通js-jsk签名规则
27 $string = "jsapi_ticket=$jsapiTicket&noncestr=$nonceStr×tamp=$timestamp&url=$url";
28 }else
29 {
30 // 微信卡券接口签名规,自定义code,无需导入自定义code
31 $string = $cardArrs['code'].$timestamp.$nonceStr.$jsapiTicket.$cardArrs['cardId'];
// 微信卡券接口签名规,自定义code(预存模式)或非自定义code
32 //$string = $timestamp.$nonceStr.$jsapiTicket.$cardArrs['cardId'];
33 }
34
35 $signature = sha1($string);
36
37 $signPackage = array(
38 "appId" => $this->appId,
39 "nonceStr" => $nonceStr,
40 "timestamp" => $timestamp,
41 "url" => $url,
42 "signature" => $signature,
43 "rawString" => $string
44 );
45 return $signPackage;
46 }
47
48 private function createNonceStr($length = 16) {
49 $chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
50 $str = "";
51 for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
52 $str .= substr($chars, mt_rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1), 1);
53 }
54 return $str;
55 }
56 //type=1获取普通js-sdk的jsapi_ticket,存放到jsapi_ticket.php中
//type=2获取微信卡券js-sdk的api_ticket,存放到wxcardapi_ticket.php中
57 private function getJsApiTicket($type) {
58 if($type == 1)
59 {
60 $typeNew = "jsapi";
61 $phpFile = "jsapi_ticket.php";
62 }else
63 {
64 $typeNew = "wx_card";
65 $phpFile = "wxcardapi_ticket.php";
66 }
67 // jsapi_ticket 应该全局存储与更新,以下代码以写入到文件中做示例
68 $data = json_decode($this->get_php_file($phpFile));
69 if ($data->expire_time < time()) {
70 $accessToken = $this->getAccessToken();
71 // 如果是企业号用以下 URL 获取 ticket
72 // $url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket?access_token=$accessToken";
73 $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?type=".$typeNew."&access_token=$accessToken";
74
75 /*
76 if($type==2)
77 {
78 echo $url;
79 }
80 */
81 $res = json_decode($this->httpGet($url));
82 $ticket = $res->ticket;
83 if ($ticket) {
84 $data->expire_time = time() + 7000;
85 $data->jsapi_ticket = $ticket;
86 $this->set_php_file($phpFile, json_encode($data));
87 }
88 } else {
89 $ticket = $data->jsapi_ticket;
90 }
91
92 return $ticket;
93 }
94
95 private function getAccessToken() {
96 // access_token 应该全局存储与更新,以下代码以写入到文件中做示例
97 $data = json_decode($this->get_php_file("access_token.php"));
98 if ($data->expire_time < time()) {
99 // 如果是企业号用以下URL获取access_token
100 // $url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken?corpid=$this->appId&corpsecret=$this->appSecret";
101 $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=$this->appId&secret=$this--
>appSecret";
102 $res = json_decode($this->httpGet($url));
103 $access_token = $res->access_token;
104 if ($access_token) {
105 $data->expire_time = time() + 7000;
106 $data->access_token = $access_token;
107 $this->set_php_file("access_token.php", json_encode($data));
108 }
109 } else {
110 $access_token = $data->access_token;
111 }
112 return $access_token;
113 }
114
115 function httpGet($url, $data = null)
116 {
117 $curl = curl_init();
118 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
119 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
120 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
121 if (!empty($data))//data非空 则是post请求
122 {
123 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
124 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
125 }
126 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
127 $output = curl_exec($curl);
128 curl_close($curl);
129 return $output;
130 }
131
132 private function get_php_file($filename) {
133 return trim(substr(file_get_contents($filename), 15));
134 }
135 private function set_php_file($filename, $content) {
136 $fp = fopen($filename, "w");
137 fwrite($fp, "<?php exit();?>" . $content);
138 fclose($fp);
139 }
140 }
签名不稳定
使用以上方式签名通过后,应用到自己的开发项目中,发现在调用wx.addCard,接口的时候,偶尔出现"签名错误"的情况,同样的配置,同样的代码,测试10次,大概会出现4-5次的"签名错误";
-
我们的页面有很多卡券,如下:
image.png -
我们签名方式试了两种:
- 第一:每点击一次 "领券" 签名一次;
只要满足创建卡券时候每个用户可领张数,用户就可以重复的点击领取; - 第二:在页面初始化的时候,将该页面中所有卡券循环签名;
用户在该页面每中卡券只能领取一次,再次点击会提示"已领取",如果想再次领取,则必须刷新当前页面,统一再次签名一次;
- 第一:每点击一次 "领券" 签名一次;
"签名错误" 这个不稳定问题,目前还没有解决;
总结
-
微信网页jsapi_ticket和微信卡券api_ticket不同,获取方式分别是:
//微信网页jsapi_ticket https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?type=jsapi&access_token=$accessToken //微信卡券api_ticket https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?type=wx_card&access_token=$accessToken
-
调用微信卡券js-sdk需要两次签名
第一次普通js-sdk签名规则://jssdTiken+随机字符串+时间戳+本页面url $string = "sapi_ticket=$jsapiTicket&noncestr=$nonceStr×tamp=$timestamp&url=$url" sha1($string)
第二次微信卡券js-sdk签名规则:
//自定义code,无需导入自定义code //sha1(code码+时间戳+随机串+卡券apiTicket+cardId) $string = "$cardArrs['code'].$timestamp.$nonceStr.$jsapiTicket.$cardArrs['cardId'];" sha1($string) //如果是自定义code(预存模式)或非自定义code,无需传入code //sha1(时间戳+随机串+卡券apiTicket+cardId) //$string = "$timestamp.$nonceStr.$jsapiTicket.$cardArrs['cardId'];" sha1($string)
微信卡券签名或参数错误请查看文档:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/WhYpWmfuhUBw2wseTXdt2A