这篇文章主要介绍了python实现的弹球小游戏,由键盘控制底部挡板移动,碰撞小球的游戏功能。
需求描述:
ball 弹球 颜色:红 ,大小:10,10,25,25, 初始位置:245,100
paddle:挡板 颜色:蓝 大小:宽:100 高:10 初始位置:200,300
规则:当弹球碰到挡板上方,弹球反弹;当弹球越过挡板到游戏画板底部的时候,游戏结束
基础知识:
基于python面向对象理解
tkinter知识掌握
Canvas如何绘制
代码示例
弹球ball class:
class Ball:
# 初始化操作
def __init__(self,canvas, paddle,color):
self.canvas = canvas
self.paddle = paddle
# 创建一个圆
self.id = canvas.create_oval(10, 10, 25, 25, fill=color)
self.canvas.move(self.id, 245, 100)
startx = [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3]
random.shuffle(startx)
self.x = startx[0]
self.y = -3
self.canvas_height = self.canvas.winfo_height()
self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
self.hit_bottom = False
#绘制
def draw(self):
self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id) #top-left bottom-right
if (pos[1] <= 0 or self.hit_paddle(pos) == True):
self.y = -self.y
if (pos[0] <= 0 or pos[2] >= self.canvas_width):
self.x = -self.x
if (pos[3] >= self.canvas_height):
self.hit_bottom = True
def hit_paddle(self, pos):
paddle_pos = self.canvas.coords(self.paddle.id)
if (pos[2] >= paddle_pos[0] and pos[0] <= paddle_pos[2]):
if (pos[3] >= paddle_pos[1] and pos[3] <= paddle_pos[3]):
return True
return False
挡板paddle class:
class Paddle:
# 初始化
def __init__(self, canvas, color):
self.canvas = canvas
# 画一个矩形
self.id = canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, 100, 10, fill = color)
self.x = 0
self.canvas.move(self.id, 200, 300)
self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
self.canvas.bind_all("<Key-Left>", self.turn_left) # 左按键移动turn_left距离
self.canvas.bind_all("<Key-Right>", self.turn_right)
def draw(self):
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
if (pos[0] + self.x >= 0 and pos[2] + self.x <= self.canvas_width):
self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, 0)
#self.x = 0
def turn_left(self, event):
self.x = -4
def turn_right(self, event):
self.x = 4
实现及控制逻辑:
import tkinter
import random
import time
...
tk = tkinter.Tk()
tk.title("Game Ball")
tk.resizable(0,0)
tk.wm_attributes("-topmost", 1)
canvas = tkinter.Canvas(tk,width= 500,height= 500, bd = 0, highlightthickness = 0)
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
paddle = Paddle(canvas,"blue")
ball = Ball(canvas,paddle,"red")
while 1:
if(ball.hit_bottom == False):
ball.draw()
paddle.draw()
tk.update_idletasks()
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.01)
总结:本章需要掌握的知识点有python面向对象、tkinter知识、Canvas如何绘制和CanvasAPI函数。
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