OverView
TableLayout是Android的六大布局容器之一，不过日常开发中使用得并不多，顾名思义，其主要特点是像表格一样，有行和列的概念。
重要属性
TableLayout有以下重要属性：
- android:shrinkColumns属性，当TableRow里边的空间布满布局的时候，指定列自动延伸以填充可用部分。当TableRow里边的控件还没有布满布局时，android:shrinkColumns不起作用。
- android:stretchColumns属性，用于指定列对空白部分进行填充
- android:collapseColumns属性，用于隐藏指定的列
继承层次及构造函数
public class TableLayout extends LinearLayout
从继承层次上能够看到，TableLayout实际上是继承自LinearLayout的，直观上可以理解成，TableLayout就是一行行的TableRow线性排列而成。
public TableLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.TableLayout);
String stretchedColumns = a.getString(R.styleable.TableLayout_stretchColumns);
if (stretchedColumns != null) {
if (stretchedColumns.charAt(0) == '*') {
mStretchAllColumns = true;
} else {
mStretchableColumns = parseColumns(stretchedColumns);
}
}
String shrinkedColumns = a.getString(R.styleable.TableLayout_shrinkColumns);
if (shrinkedColumns != null) {
if (shrinkedColumns.charAt(0) == '*') {
mShrinkAllColumns = true;
} else {
mShrinkableColumns = parseColumns(shrinkedColumns);
}
}
String collapsedColumns = a.getString(R.styleable.TableLayout_collapseColumns);
if (collapsedColumns != null) {
mCollapsedColumns = parseColumns(collapsedColumns);
}
a.recycle();
initTableLayout();
}
构造函数也不长，主要就是对前文提到过的几个重要属性的分析，看下里面的parseColumns的实现：
private static SparseBooleanArray parseColumns(String sequence) {
SparseBooleanArray columns = new SparseBooleanArray();
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\s*,\\s*");
String[] columnDefs = pattern.split(sequence);
for (String columnIdentifier : columnDefs) {
try {
int columnIndex = Integer.parseInt(columnIdentifier);
// only valid, i.e. positive, columns indexes are handled
if (columnIndex >= 0) {
// putting true in this sparse array indicates that the
// column index was defined in the XML file
columns.put(columnIndex, true);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// we just ignore columns that don't exist
}
}
return columns;
}
在设置shrinkColumns时都是可以设置多个值的，值之间通过逗号分隔，如"0,2"，在parseColumns中就将其中的值解析出来了。
onMeasure
接下来看下TableLayout的测量过程做了什么：
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// enforce vertical layout
measureVertical(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
@Override
void measureVertical(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
findLargestCells(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
shrinkAndStretchColumns(widthMeasureSpec);
super.measureVertical(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
TableLayout的onMeasure()过程很清晰，分别是自身两个方法findLargestCells()和shrinkAndStretchColumns()的调用，随后再调用父类LinearLayout的measureVertical()方法
先看下findLargestCells()的实现：
/**
* <p>Finds the largest cell in each column. For each column, the width of
* the largest cell is applied to all the other cells.</p>
*
* @param widthMeasureSpec the measure constraint imposed by our parent
*/
private void findLargestCells(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
boolean firstRow = true;
// find the maximum width for each column
// the total number of columns is dynamically changed if we find
// wider rows as we go through the children
// the array is reused for each layout operation; the array can grow
// but never shrinks. Unused extra cells in the array are just ignored
// this behavior avoids to unnecessary grow the array after the first
// layout operation
final int count = getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
final View child = getChildAt(i);
if (child.getVisibility() == GONE) {
continue;
}
if (child instanceof TableRow) {
final TableRow row = (TableRow) child;
// forces the row's height
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = row.getLayoutParams();
layoutParams.height = LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
final int[] widths = row.getColumnsWidths(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
final int newLength = widths.length;
// this is the first row, we just need to copy the values
if (firstRow) {
if (mMaxWidths == null || mMaxWidths.length != newLength) {
mMaxWidths = new int[newLength];
}
System.arraycopy(widths, 0, mMaxWidths, 0, newLength);
firstRow = false;
} else {
int length = mMaxWidths.length;
final int difference = newLength - length;
// the current row is wider than the previous rows, so
// we just grow the array and copy the values
if (difference > 0) {
final int[] oldMaxWidths = mMaxWidths;
mMaxWidths = new int[newLength];
System.arraycopy(oldMaxWidths, 0, mMaxWidths, 0,
oldMaxWidths.length);
System.arraycopy(widths, oldMaxWidths.length,
mMaxWidths, oldMaxWidths.length, difference);
}
// the row is narrower or of the same width as the previous
// rows, so we find the maximum width for each column
// if the row is narrower than the previous ones,
// difference will be negative
final int[] maxWidths = mMaxWidths;
length = Math.min(length, newLength);
for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) {
maxWidths[j] = Math.max(maxWidths[j], widths[j]);
}
}
}
}
}
从方法前的注释可以看出，该方法的作用是，找出每一列最宽的单元格，从方法的具体实现中能看到，最终每一列的最宽宽度会存储到maxWidth这个数组中。
接下来看下为何要找到每一列的最大宽度，答案在shrinkAndStretchColumns()方法中：
private void shrinkAndStretchColumns(int widthMeasureSpec) {
// when we have no row, mMaxWidths is not initialized and the loop
// below could cause a NPE
if (mMaxWidths == null) {
return;
}
// should we honor AT_MOST, EXACTLY and UNSPECIFIED?
int totalWidth = 0;
for (int width : mMaxWidths) {
totalWidth += width;
}
int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - mPaddingLeft - mPaddingRight;
if ((totalWidth > size) && (mShrinkAllColumns || mShrinkableColumns.size() > 0)) {
// oops, the largest columns are wider than the row itself
// fairly redistribute the row's width among the columns
mutateColumnsWidth(mShrinkableColumns, mShrinkAllColumns, size, totalWidth);
} else if ((totalWidth < size) && (mStretchAllColumns || mStretchableColumns.size() > 0)) {
// if we have some space left, we distribute it among the
// expandable columns
mutateColumnsWidth(mStretchableColumns, mStretchAllColumns, size, totalWidth);
}
}
从这个函数中可以看到上述maxWidth的作用：
- 将各列的maxWidth累加得到占据的总宽度
- 根据总宽度和容器宽度的大小关系，分别调用mutateColumnsWidth方法对此前设置的可伸缩列进行宽度调整，以达到设置前文提到的重要属性的设置效果
onLayout
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
// enforce horizontal layout
layoutHorizontal(l, t, r, b);
}
在onLayout()阶段，调用的是LinearLayout中的layoutHorizontal()实现，再一次说明，TableLayout其实就是竖直方向上的LinearLayout。
总结
- TableLayout继承自LinearLayout，可以看做是竖直方向的LinearLayout
- TableLayout的测量阶段，主要的工作是，将各列的宽度之和和容器宽度相比，根据大小关系对列进行拉伸调整
