测试环境：

物理机：ubuntu 16.04
虚拟机：centos 7.2

内容比较简单，学习一下Maven部署项目的过程。

1.服务器安装配置jdk和tomcat

scp apache-tomcat-8.5.15.tar.gz root@192.168.100.129:/opt/
scp jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm root@192.168.100.129:/opt/
ssh 192.168.100.129
cd /opt
# 安装jdk
rpm -ivh jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
# 解压tomcat
tar -vxzf apache-tomcat-8.5.15.tar.gz

2.配置tomcat服务器

cd /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.15
# 编辑配置文件
vi conf/tomcat-users.xml

尾部添加如下内容

<role rolename="manager-gui"/>   
<role rolename="manager-script"/>    
<user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager-gui,manager-script"/>  

3.新建项目maven

编辑pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.byhook.maven</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>maven Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <build>
        <finalName>maven</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!--tomcat7 将source和target改为1.7-->
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <url>http://192.168.100.129:8080/manager/text</url>
                    <username>admin</username>
                    <password>admin</password>
                    <path>/${project.artifactId}</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>8.5.15</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.启动tomcat并开启相关端口

cd /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.15/bin
./startup.sh
# 开启端口
firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
# 加载配置
firewall-cmd --reload
# 查看端口是否开启
firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp

现在直接部署可能会出现403错误

Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:deploy (default-cli) on project maven: Tomcat return http status error: 403

需要解除IP限制

vi /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.15/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml

末尾改正为：

<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="192\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
</Context>

5.部署项目

mvn clean install tomcat7:deploy

6.访问一下

以上记录，亲测可行！

参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/ab7253957/article/details/72770587
https://my.oschina.net/jerryhu/blog/295279