We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes, they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation that helps them digest milk as adults.
我们是进化的产物，而不仅仅是数十亿年前发生的进化。随着科学家们对我们的基因进行更深入的研究，他们正在寻找人类在过去几千年进化的例子。埃塞俄比亚高地的人们已经适应了生活在高海拔地区。东非和北欧的养牛人获得了一种突变，有助于他们成年后消化牛奶。

On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney CJubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
周四，在《细胞》杂志发表的一篇文章中，一组研究人员报告了一种新的适应方式，不是对空气或食物的适应，而是对海洋的适应。东南亚的一群海洋居民已经进化成更好的潜水员。这些人被称为巴夭人，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾有数十万人。他们传统上住在船屋里；最近，他们还在沿海水域建造了高跷房屋。夏威夷大学研究巴夭人的研究员Redney CJubilado说：“他们对这片土地简直是个陌生人。”

Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
朱比拉多博士在菲律宾萨马尔岛长大时第一次见到巴夭人。他们以潜水员、捕鱼或捕捞贝类为生。朱比拉多博士说：“我们非常惊讶，他们在水下停留的时间比我们当地岛民长得多。我可以看到他们真的在海底行走。”

In 2015, Melissa llardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, “'it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection toact on a population," said Dr. llardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
2015年，时任哥本哈根大学遗传学研究生的梅丽莎·拉多听说了巴夭人。她想知道，几个世纪的潜水是否会导致身体特征的进化，使他们更容易完成这项任务，拉多博士说。“这似乎是自然选择作用于种群的完美机会，”她还说，可能还有其他一些基因有助于巴夭人潜水。