DTM Kushal Ashok’s Speech Contest Cheat Book（DTM“阿肖克”解析头马演讲比赛评分标准）

Kushal Ashok in Dalian conference 2019

Speech contests are one of the most crucial parts

of a toastmaster's journey.I joined the contest twice since I came to China and gained a lot of insights into the process of speech preparation, delivery, revision, and improvement. In this post, I am going to share my experiences while bifurcating each of the judging criteria which are used by the contest judges.

演讲比赛是头马会员旅程中最重要的部分之一。来到中国后，我参加了两次演讲比赛，在准备、呈现、改稿、提升的过程中收获了很多洞见。我将通过这篇文章，和大家分享我的比赛经验，解析裁判的评审标准。

Why use the judging criteria?

Because we need to understand the requirements before we try to fulfill them. We need to understand the gaps between our current performance and the one expected by judges. For doing so, we need to do a lot of trials. I like the Chinese proverb that says, "玉不琢、不成器" i.e. A gem is not polished without rubbing, nor a man perfected without trials.

为什么要研读比赛评分标准？如果我们想要写一篇成功的比赛演讲稿，那么需要先了解优秀演讲有哪些要求，并且认识到自身表现和裁判期待之间的差距在哪里。为了找到差距，我们需要反复试炼。我非常喜欢一句谚语，“玉不琢、不成器”。不经打磨，玉石无法圆润光滑；不经试炼，演讲人无法渐入佳境。

1) Speech Development演讲布局

Let’s start with the one with maximum weightage. Speech development includes structure, organization and supporting material. If you want to learn how to structure, organize and support your speech, follow your manuals. My cheat book tip is to choose a topic that you are most familiar with. The more familiar you are with the topic, the better your speech development will be.

If you feel like your life does not have enough interesting events to write a speech about, think again and include every single thing that happens with you or that you observe during a day. We can make at least 10 different observations during our daily commute.

演讲布局这一项占比最重（20分）。它包括结构、组织、论点论据三小项。关于如何架构演讲、组织演讲以及用论点论据支撑演讲，建议大家看！手！册！我的小技巧是选择一个你最为熟悉的话题。话题越熟悉，你的演讲就越熟练。

如果你认为自己生活中没有那么多有趣的事可以放到演讲中，那么，再想一想！把每天你观察或经历的每一件小事都列出来。我们可以从日常生活中发现至少10个点。

2) Effectiveness演讲效果

This includes the achievement of purpose, interest, and reception. All these points boil down to the fact that you have to entertain the audience, you have to grab their attention and make them remember your speech. You can do this using voice modulation and body language.My cheat book tip is to use reiteration and reassurance. If you borrowed money from someone and told him only once that you will return it. On the other hand, if you reiterated your promise several times and kept reassuring the person that you will definitely return it on time you can create a sense of trust. Same goes with the audience who needs to trust you. So don't forget to reassure them and repeat the things you want them to remember.

演讲效果（15分）包括目的达成、趣味性和观众接受度。这几项，说白了，意味着作为演讲者的你需要去“取悦”观众，抓住观众的注意力，让观众记住你的演讲。你可以通过声音变化和肢体语言等辅助手段。我的小技巧是重复和肯定！

设想这样一个场景：你想从别人那儿借钱。与你只告诉TA一次“我会还你的”相比，如果你把还钱的承诺向对方反复提及，并且非常肯定地告诉对方你一定会按时还钱，那么你跟借款人之间会建立信任。同样，演讲比赛中，你也需要与观众建立这种信任。所以，不要忘了重复要点，让观众相信，让观众记住！

3) Speech Value演讲价值

This includes ideas, logic and original thought. My cheat book tip for this section is to first finalize the stories you are planning to share and then link them together with a proper transition. Your transitions should be logical and feel natural. This requires a bit of creative writing for which you can refer to online tutorials of screenplay writing. It will help you understand how to transition using sentence that maintain the original thought.

演讲价值（15分）考核的是论点、逻辑性和原创性。我的秘诀是把演讲中用到的故事写成独立片段，然后用合适的逻辑将他们衔接起来。衔接语言必须符合逻辑并且自然不生硬。这要求演讲人具备创造性写作的能力。如何提升？可以参照剧本撰写相关的在线教学资料。它会教你在保持原故事要义的同时使用恰当的语句过度。

4) Physical肢体

This includes appearance, body language and speaking area. The first time I attended the contest in India, I did not wear a tie.After the contest, one of the experienced toastmasters told me that I should have worn the tie and use my best appearance on stage. My cheat book tip for this section is to always wear formals unless your speech topic requires a specific attire/costume.

肢体（10分）包括仪表仪态、肢体语言和演讲区域使用。我第一次在印度参加头马比赛的时候，没有打领带。赛后，一位老头马跟我说，我应该打领带，给舞台呈现最好的仪态。所以，除非你的演讲主题需要你准备特殊的服饰，比赛时穿正装一定不会错！

5) Voice声音

This includes flexibility and volume. My cheat book tip for this section is to practice the speech in front of mirror and exaggerate every emotion that you have. Using your emotions is the best way to produce a natural yet flexible voice.

声音（10分）包括变化性和音量。我的独门秘诀是在镜子前练习，练习中把每一个情绪都夸张地做出来。擅用情绪是事声音多变且呈现自然的最佳法门。

6) Manner态度风格

This includes directness, assurance and enthusiasm.My tip for this section is to select a topic that is close to your heart.If you truly believe in the idea that you are sharing, your enthusiasm will naturally be more. If you don't feel the connect with your topic, try watching more videos, reading more articles, learning more facts about it to bring it closer to your heart. We get interested in things that we read about, that we talk about and that we like sharing with others. If you can read and talk about your topic without getting bored, that means it's the right topic for you.

态度风格（10分）包括率直、自信和热情。选择自己最有感的话题是我的建议。如果你真的相信自己的观点，那么自然会流露出热情。当你对自己的话题没太有感觉的时候，尝试看更多的视频、阅读更多文章、了解更多信息，加强自己和演讲话题之间的连接。通过阅读、交流以及和别人分享，我们会对某个话题建立起兴趣。如果你阅读或是交流一个话题时并不感觉无聊，那么，它，就是让你有感的话题！

7) Appropriateness适当适合

This includes purpose and audience. My tip for this section is to study your audience. Not just in the way suggested by the manuals, but also by any other means possible. Connect with fellow toastmasters using social networks like WeChat. Instead of rote learning your speech, go and say hi to the members of your audience. Try to learn more about them, their profession and their hobbies. These connections will help you a lot while you are delivering the speech on stage.

适当适合（10分）包括目的和观众。了解你的观众很重要！除了手册上的一些了解观众的做法之外，其它方法也是可以的，比如加微信。比赛时，与其一遍一遍练习自己的稿子，四处走动和观众打招呼也是不错的。在互动中认识更多人，了解他们的职业是什么，兴趣爱好是什么。这些与观众的链接将有助于你在舞台上的发挥。

8) Correctness正确清晰

This includes grammar, pronunciation and word selection. My tip for this section is to only use the words that you can describe with confidence. It doesn't meant that you should not include any difficult or complex words at all. It means that you should be able to describe those words in your own manner.

For instance the word misunderstanding can be remembered by creating a funny backdrop story like misunderstanding ->"Miss under standing" -> "The lady is standing downstairs" -> "The lady is standing downstairs since her heels are so high that she can't climb the stairs. You are unable to understand why can't she simply remove the heels? "

By making such funny stories, you can remember even the most difficult words and can even explain them if required. (in your own funny way).

正确清晰（10分）主要考察文法、发音和用词。我的建议是只用你特别有把握的词。我并不是让大家不要用难词或复杂词汇，而且说，大家应该让词汇使用符合自己的语言风格。

对于长难单词的记忆，可以通过拆解、然后编故事的方式记住。比如misunderstanding，可以拆成miss under 和standing，然后编故事。（Kushal编了个什么有趣的故事？请上翻看英文咯）

（本文经作者授权发布于此，如有转载，请务必联系作者或者版主！）

本文作者：Kushal Ashok, DTM

Int'l Speech Contest

Second Place, 2018 D88 Harbin Conference

First Place, 2018 &2019 Division H Contests

2018年88大区哈尔滨峰会国际演讲比赛亚军

2018、2019年H中区国际演讲比赛冠军

翻译：Carol Fang, DTM，DVD H