The truth about eating eggs
吃鸡蛋的真相
If there was such a thing as a perfect food, eggs would be a contender. They’re readily available, easy to cook, affordable and packed with protein.
如果真有那么一样完美的食物，鸡蛋会是个有力的竞争者。它们容易买到、烹饪简单、价格低廉且富含蛋白质。
But for decades, eating eggs has also been controversial due to their high cholesterol content. One egg yolk contains around 185 milligrams of cholesterol, which is more than half of the 300mg daily amount of cholesterol that the US dietary guidelines recommended until recently.
但几十年以来，由于鸡蛋中含有较高的胆固醇，吃鸡蛋也一直存在争议。一个鸡蛋黄含有约 185 毫克的胆固醇，比起先前《美国饮食指南》中推荐的胆固醇摄入量（每日 300 毫克），已经超过了一半。
Researchers haven’t definitively linked consumption of cholesterol to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. As a result, US dietary guidelines no longer have a cholesterol restriction; nor does the UK. Instead, emphasis is placed on limiting how much saturated fat we consume, which can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.***
研究人员尚未断定摄入胆固醇和更高的心血管疾病风险相关。因此，《美国饮食指南》不再设定胆固醇的摄入限制，英国的饮食指导手册同理。人们的目光转向限制饱和脂肪的摄入量上，这种脂肪会增加患心血管疾病的风险。
Research published earlier this year, though, challenged the recent consensus that eggs pose no harm to our health. Researchers looked at data from 30,000 adults followed for an average of 17 years and found that each additional half an egg per day was significantly linked to a higher risk of heart disease and death.
近年来，人们普遍认为鸡蛋对健康无害。不过，今年早些时候发表的一项研究对这一观点提出了挑战。研究人员观测了以 3 万名成年人为对象，跟踪时间平均达 17 年的数据，发现每天每多吃半个鸡蛋与更高的心脏病和死亡风险显著相关。
Despite the study being one of the largest of its kind to address this specific relationship between eggs and heart disease, it was observational, giving no indication of cause and effect.
针对吃鸡蛋和患心脏病之间的相关性，这是迄今为止规模最大的研究之一。不过，它的结论基于对现象的观察，并不能表明两者的因果关系。
While researchers are a long way from understanding why eggs affect us differently, the vast majority of recent research suggests they pose no risk to our health, and are much more likely to provide health benefits.
尽管研究人员还需要很长时间才能理解鸡蛋对人们的不同影响，但绝大多数近期研究表明，鸡蛋对我们的健康没有风险，而且很可能对健康有益。
Even so, having eggs for breakfast every day probably isn’t the healthiest option, either — at least as it’s recommended we have a varied diet… rather than put all our eggs in one basket.
即便如此，每天早餐吃鸡蛋可能也不是最健康的选择——至少按专家建议，我们的饮食应该更丰富多样……而不是“把所有鸡蛋都放在同一个篮子里”。
主编：桃子
品控：宇轩
审核：Lala
重点词汇
contender
/kənˈten.dɚ/
n. 竞争者，争夺者
词根词缀：-er（表示“人”）
相关词汇：contend（v. 竞争，争夺）
英文释义：compete for sth.
搭配短语： contend for the first place
例句：Biden is a strong contender in the 2020 presidential election.
readily
/ˈred.əl.i/
adv. 容易地，轻而易举地；心甘情愿地
近义词：willingly（adv. 乐意地）
例句：My friend readily accepted my proposal.
近义词：easily（adv. 容易地）
搭配短语：books that anyone could readily understand
packed
/pækt/
adj. 挤满的，拥挤的
搭配短语：be packed with
近义短语：be filled with
相关词汇：pack（v. 打包；挤满）
例句：Fans packed the hall to see their idol.
例句：The park was packed with tourists.
content
/ˈkɑːn.tent/
n. 含量；内容
例句：Chocolate has a high fat content.
consumption
/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
n. 食用；消费，消耗
相关词汇：consume（v. 消耗，花费；引用，摄入）
英文释义：eat or drink
例句：We consume a great deal of sugar in drinks.
cardiovascular
/ˌkɑːr.di.oʊˈvæs.kjə.lɚ/
adj. 心血管的
词根词缀：cardio-（表示“和心脏有关的”）
相关词汇：vascular（adj. 血管的）
相关词汇：vessel（n. 血管）
develop
/dɪˈvel.əp/
v. 患上，患（病）；发展，培养，研制
搭配短语：develop reading skills
搭配短语：develop their friendship
搭配短语：develop a vaccine against the coronavirus
例句：I developed a cold last week.
consensus
/kənˈsen.səs/
n. 一致的意见，共识
词根词缀：con-（表示“一起，一致”）
词根词缀：sense（表示“感觉”）
搭配短语：reach a consensus on sth.
pose
/poʊz/
v. 造成，引起（尤指问题或困难）
词性拓展：pose（n. 样子，姿势）
搭配短语：pose a problem/challenge/threat
significantly
/sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kənt.li/
adv. 显著地；相当数量地
相关词汇：significant（adj. 重要的，显著的）
近义词：important; noticeable
例句：Profits have increased significantly over the past few years.
observational
/ˌɑːb.zɚˈveɪ.ʃən.əl/
adj. 观察的，观测的
相关词汇：observe（v. 观察，观测）
搭配短语：observational study
文化补充：观测性研究和实验性研究有很大差别，观测性研究只在自然状态下对研究对象进行观察和记录，并对结果进行描述和分析。但实验性研究一般会运用各种干预措施来得出结论。
indication
/ˌɪn.dəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
n. 标示，表明，显示
例句：There are clear indications that the economy is improving.
cause and effect
因果关系
例句：Correlation does not imply causation.（相关性不代表因果关系。）
the vast majority
绝大多数
相关词汇：vast（adj. 大量的）
相关词汇：majority（n. 大多数，大部分）
搭配短语：in the vast majority of cases
put all our/one's eggs in one basket
孤注一掷；把鸡蛋放在同一个篮子里
例句：To buy stock in a single company is to put all your eggs in one basket.
