1.首先在项目res目录下新建xml目录，并新建file_paths.xml，这个文件主要用来配置应用共享文件的路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<root-path
name="root"
path="" />
<!--理路径相当于Context.getFilesDir() + /path/。-->
<files-path
name="files"
path="path" />
<!--物理路径相当于Context.getCacheDir() + /path/-->
<cache-path
name="cache"
path="path" />
<!--物理路径相当于Context.getExternalFilesDir(String) + /path/-->
<external-files-path
name="external_file_path"
path="path" />
<!--物理路径相当于Context.getExternalCacheDir() + /path/-->
<external-cache-path
name="external_cache_path"
path="path" />
<!--物理路径相当于Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + /path/-->
<external-path
name="external"
path="path" />
</paths>
2. 在AndroidManifest.xml的application节点下增加FileProvider的声明
<application>
...
...
<provider
android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="com.example.amn.doprint.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider> </application>
####### FileProvider工具类,参考自鸿洋大神博客
package com.example.amn.doprint.utils;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class FileProviderUtil {
public static Uri getUriForFile(Context context, File file) {
Uri fileUri = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
fileUri = getUriForFile24(context, file);
} else {
fileUri = Uri.fromFile(file);
}
return fileUri;
}
private static Uri getUriForFile24(Context context, File file) {
Uri fileUri = android.support.v4.content.FileProvider.getUriForFile(context,
context.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider",
file);
return fileUri;
}
public static void setIntentDataAndType(Context context,
Intent intent,
String type,
File file,
boolean writeAble) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
intent.setDataAndType(getUriForFile(context, file), type);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
if (writeAble) {
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
}
} else {
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), type);
chmod("777", file.getAbsolutePath());//apk放在cache文件中，需要获取读写权限
}
}
public static void chmod(String permission, String path) {
try {
String command = "chmod " + permission + " " + path;
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
runtime.exec(command);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void setIntentData(Context context,
Intent intent,
File file,
boolean writeAble) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
intent.setData(getUriForFile(context, file));
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
if (writeAble) {
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
}
} else {
intent.setData(Uri.fromFile(file));
}
}
public static void grantPermissions(Context context, Intent intent, Uri uri, boolean writeAble) {
int flag = Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION;
if (writeAble) {
flag |= Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION;
}
intent.addFlags(flag);
List<ResolveInfo> resInfoList = context.getPackageManager()
.queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : resInfoList) {
String packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName;
context.grantUriPermission(packageName, uri, flag);
}
}
}
package com.example.amn.doprint.utils;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
public class FileUtil {
/**
* 根据URI获取文件真实路径（兼容多张机型）
* @param context
* @param uri
* @return
*/
public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
int sdkVersion = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
if (sdkVersion >= 19) { // api >= 19
return getRealPathFromUriAboveApi19(context, uri);
} else { // api < 19
return getRealPathFromUriBelowAPI19(context, uri);
}
} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 适配api19及以上,根据uri获取图片的绝对路径
*
* @param context 上下文对象
* @param uri 图片的Uri
* @return 如果Uri对应的图片存在, 那么返回该图片的绝对路径, 否则返回null
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
private static String getRealPathFromUriAboveApi19(Context context, Uri uri) {
String filePath = null;
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
// 如果是document类型的 uri, 则通过document id来进行处理
String documentId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
if (isMediaDocument(uri)) { // MediaProvider
// 使用':'分割
String type = documentId.split(":")[0];
String id = documentId.split(":")[1];
String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";
String[] selectionArgs = {id};
//
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
filePath = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { // DownloadsProvider
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(documentId));
filePath = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
}else if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
}else {
//Log.e("路径错误");
}
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// 如果是 content 类型的 Uri
filePath = getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
} else if ("file".equals(uri.getScheme())) {
// 如果是 file 类型的 Uri,直接获取图片对应的路径
filePath = uri.getPath();
}
return filePath;
}
/**
* 适配api19以下(不包括api19),根据uri获取图片的绝对路径
* @param context 上下文对象
* @param uri 图片的Uri
* @return 如果Uri对应的图片存在, 那么返回该图片的绝对路径, 否则返回null
*/
private static String getRealPathFromUriBelowAPI19(Context context, Uri uri) {
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
}
/**
* 获取数据库表中的 _data 列，即返回Uri对应的文件路径
*
* @return
*/
private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
String path = null;
String[] projection = new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(projection[0]);
path = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return path;
}
/**
* @param uri the Uri to check
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider
*/
private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri the Uri to check
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider
*/
private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
}
4.最后在传递URI的时候调用相应的方法获取URI即可，例如下面代码是调用摄像头拍照:
1.拍照权限申请
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//未授权，申请授权()
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, RC_TAKE_PHOTO);
} else {
//已授权，
Intent intentToTakePhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
File fileDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "photoTest" + File.separator);
if (!fileDir.exists()) {
fileDir.mkdirs();
}
File photoFile = new File(fileDir, "imge.jpeg");
mTakePhotoPath= photoFile.getAbsolutePath();
imageUri = FileProviderUtil.getUriForFile(this, photoFile);
intentToTakePhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intentToTakePhoto, RC_TAKE_PHOTO);
}
- 从相册获取照片权限
private void printImge() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//未授权，申请授权(从相册选择图片需要读取存储卡的权限)
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, RC_CHOOSE_PHOTO);
} else {
//已授权，获取照片
Intent intentToPickPic = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);
intentToPickPic.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
startActivityForResult(intentToPickPic, RC_CHOOSE_PHOTO);
}
}
3.权限申请结果回调
/**
* 权限申请结果回调
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case RC_CHOOSE_PHOTO: //相册选择照片权限申请返回
Intent intentToPickPic = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);
intentToPickPic.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
startActivityForResult(intentToPickPic, RC_CHOOSE_PHOTO);
break;
case RC_TAKE_PHOTO://拍照权限申请返回
Intent intentToTakePhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
File fileDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "path" + File.separator);
if (!fileDir.exists()) {
fileDir.mkdirs();
}
File photoFile = new File(fileDir, "imge.jpeg");
mTakePhotoPath= photoFile.getAbsolutePath();
imageUri = FileProviderUtil.getUriForFile(this, photoFile);
intentToTakePhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intentToTakePhoto, RC_TAKE_PHOTO);
break;
}
}
4.onActivityResult 拍照和从相册选择照片结果回调
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
if (requestCode == RC_CHOOSE_PHOTO) {
//从相册选择
if (data != null) {
//获取图片路径
Uri uri = data.getData();
String filePath = FileUtil.getFilePathByUri(this, uri);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(filePath)) {
// Log.i("aaa",anImage.toString());
PrintManager.setPrint(new PrintImage(this, filePath));
PrintManager.getInstance().print(mConnectMac);
}
}
}else if(requestCode == RC_TAKE_PHOTO){
Log.i("aaa","mTakePhotoPath>>>>>"+mTakePhotoPath);
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
