作文

一、常见作文类型

1. 议论文（Argumentative Essay）
   • 要求考生针对某一观点或现象表明立场，并给出论据支持。
   • 例：
     • "Should online education replace traditional classrooms?"
     • "Is artificial intelligence a threat to human jobs?"
2. 说明文（Expository Essay）
   • 解释现象、问题或事物的原因、影响及解决方法。
   • 例：
     • "How to reduce plastic pollution in daily life?"
     • "The impact of social media on interpersonal relationships."
3. 应用文（Practical Writing）
   • 书信（建议信、投诉信、申请信）、通知、演讲稿等。
   • 例：
     • "Write a letter to your university suggesting improvements to the library."
     • "A speech on the importance of lifelong learning."
4. 图表作文（Graph Description）
   • 分析数据图表（如柱状图、饼图）并总结趋势或现象。
   • 例：
     • "Describe the changes in college students' career choices based on the chart."

以下是针对深圳大学自考学位英语作文的四种常见类型（议论文、说明文、应用文、图表作文）的范文示例，供参考：

1. 议论文（Argumentative Essay）
   题目：Should Artificial Intelligence Replace Human Jobs?
   范文：
   With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), a heated debate arises over whether AI will eventually replace human jobs. While some argue that AI threatens employment, I believe it will create more opportunities than risks.Firstly, AI can handle repetitive and dangerous tasks, allowing humans to focus on creative and strategic work. For example, in manufacturing, robots assemble products efficiently, while engineers design better systems. Secondly, AI drives the emergence of new industries, such as data analysis and machine learning, which require skilled workers. Lastly, human skills like empathy and critical thinking remain irreplaceable. Teachers, doctors, and artists rely on emotional connections that machines cannot replicate.
   However, it is crucial to prepare for job transitions. Governments and individuals should invest in lifelong learning to adapt to technological changes. In conclusion, AI is not a threat but a tool to enhance productivity and innovation.

2. 说明文（Expository Essay）
   题目：The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Relationships
   范文：
   Social media has profoundly changed how people communicate, bringing both positive and negative effects to interpersonal relationships.On the one hand, platforms like WeChat and Facebook help maintain long-distance connections. Families separated by geography can share daily updates instantly. Additionally, social media broadens social circles by connecting people with similar interests worldwide.
   On the other hand, overreliance on online interaction may weaken face-to-face communication skills. Many young people feel anxious in real-life conversations because they are accustomed to texting behind screens. Moreover, misunderstandings caused by ambiguous online messages often lead to conflicts.
   To balance these impacts, individuals should set boundaries for social media use. For example, designating “screen-free time” during family dinners can strengthen real-life bonds. In summary, social media is a double-edged sword; its value depends on how we use it.

3. 应用文（Practical Writing - 建议信）
   题目：Write a letter to your university suggesting improvements to the library.
   范文：
   Dear Library Management Team,I am writing to offer suggestions for enhancing our university library’s services. As a frequent user, I have noticed two areas that need improvement.
   Firstly, the library’s opening hours are too limited. Many students study late at night, especially during exam periods. Extending the closing time from 9 PM to 11 PM would greatly benefit us. Secondly, the number of available computers is insufficient. Adding more devices or allowing students to reserve them online could reduce waiting time.
   Additionally, creating a quiet discussion area for group projects would balance the needs of individual and collaborative learners. I believe these changes would make the library more user-friendly.
   Thank you for considering my suggestions.
   Yours sincerely,Li Ming

4. 图表作文（Graph Description）
   题目：Describe the changes in college students’ career choices based on the chart.图表数据假设：

• 2010年：公务员（40%）、企业（35%）、创业（15%）、其他（10%）
• 2020年：公务员（25%）、企业（30%）、创业（30%）、其他（15%）
  范文：
  The chart illustrates significant changes in Chinese college students’ career preferences between 2010 and 2020.In 2010, the most popular choice was becoming a civil servant (40%), followed by working for companies (35%). Only 15% of graduates chose entrepreneurship. By 2020, however, the proportion of civil servants dropped sharply to 25%, while entrepreneurship surged to 30%, matching the percentage of corporate employees.
  This shift reflects evolving social values. A decade ago, stable government jobs were highly favored. Today, young people prioritize flexibility and innovation, driven by supportive policies for startups and the rise of the digital economy. Additionally, the “other” category increased slightly, possibly indicating diversified career paths like freelancing or content creation.
  In conclusion, students’ career choices have become more dynamic and risk-tolerant over the past decade.

范文分析要点

1. 议论文：立场明确，结构清晰（观点-论据-反驳-总结）。
2. 说明文：客观分析利弊，提供解决方案。
3. 应用文：格式规范（称呼、正文、落款），语言礼貌具体。
4. 图表作文：数据对比突出，原因分析合理。