仓库(nexus)
A-->core
B-->service
C-->action
本地仓库、私有仓库、中央仓库
私服 nexus sonatype
nexus command:start stop restart install uninstall
默认端口号 8081
localhost:8081/nexus
默认用户名和密码 admin/admin123
安装nexus的前提是，服务器上需要安装maven，否则，就算安装了nexus，也无法访问
mvn:deploy 打包到仓库
配置私有仓库：
<profile>
<id>nexusProfile</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>nexus repository</name>
<url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<!-- snapshots默认是关闭的，需要手动开启 -->
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</profile>
...
<activeProfiles>
<!-- 只有激活才生效 -->
<activeProfile>nexusProfile</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
当本地仓库无法提供服务时，仍然会去中央仓库下载；
如果不想让去中央仓库下载，可以配置镜像
<!-- 工厂的镜像，只要mirrorOf中的工厂要访问，都会自动来找镜像，如果镜像无法访问就不会再去中央工厂，使用*表示所有的工厂都使用这个镜像访问，这是推荐的做法 -->
<mirror>
<id>central</id>
<!-- <mirrorOf>nexus,central</mirrorOf> -->
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
<url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
</mirror>
索引文件
发布项目到nexus中
pom文件
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>user-release</id>
<name>user release resp</name>
<url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-releases/</url>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<id>user-snapshots</id>
<name>user snapshots resp</name>
<url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
settings.xml
<server>
<id>user-release</id><!--对应pom文件中repository的id-->
<username>deployment</username>
<password>deployment123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>user-snapshots</id>
<username>deployment</username>
<password>deployment123</password>
</server>
nexus管理
创建仓库、创建角色、创建用户
生命周期和插件
三套生命周期
- clean
- pre-clean 执行一些需要在clean之前完成的工作
- clean 移出所有上一次构建生成的文件
- post-clean 执行一些需要在clean之后立刻完成的工作
- compile
- validate
- generate-sources
- process-sources
- generate-resources
- process-resources 复制并处理资源文件，至目标文件，准备打包
- compile 编译项目的源代码
- process-classes
- generate-test-sources
- process-test-sources
- generate-test-resources
- process-test-resources 复制并处理资源文件，至目标测试目录
- test-compile 编译测试源代码
- process-test-classes
- test 使用合适的单元测试框架运行测试。这些测试代码不会被打包部署
- prepare-package
- package 打包成jar或者war或者其他格式的分发包
- pre-integration-test
- integration-test
- post-integration-test
- verify
- install 将打好的包安装到本地仓库，供其他项目使用
- deploy 将打好的包安装到远程仓库，供其他项目使用
- site 生成站点
- pre-site
- site 生成项目的站点文件
- post-site
- site-deploy 发布生成的站点文档
image
compile 插件源码
如果希望将源文件打包的话，需要使用source插件
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<!--生命周期-->
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals><!--目标-->
<goal>jar</goal>
<goal>test-jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>/absolute/path/to/the/output/directory</outputDirectory>
<finalName>filename-of-generated-jar-file</finalName>
<attach>false</attach>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
插件的基础
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<fork>true</fork>
<executable>
<!-- path-to-javac -->
${JAVA_1_4_HOME}/bin/javac
</executable>
<compilerVersion>1.8</compilerVersion>
</configuration>
</plugin>
plugin 也可以继承
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<!--此处设置了skip等于设置了把所有的测试编译都跳过，如果测试类写得有问题，也不会报错，所以一般不使用-->
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
插件的应用
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals><goal>rar</goal></goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<includeJar>true</includeJar>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!-- 使用插件依然可以指定相应的依赖 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.24</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<driver></driver>
<url></url>
<username></username>
<password></password>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>create-db</id>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals><goal>execute</goal></goals>
<configuration>
<sqlCommand>create database IF NOT EXISTS itat_maven_test</sqlCommand>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>init-table</id>
<phase>test-compile</phase>
<goals><goal>execute</goal></goals>
<configuration>
<srcFiles>
<srcFile>src/main/resources/init.sql</srcFile>
</srcFiles>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
插件也有groupId、artifactId，多了目标 生命周期
测试
测试相关的类和资源放在test包下
执行mvn test时，默认只会执行如下三类测试用例
- Test**
- **Test
- **TestCase
如果不是以上三种命名规则，可以通过surefire插件来配置需要执行的测试类
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.0</version>
<configuration>
<!-- 设置包含的测试类 -->
<includes>
<include>**/Hello*</include>
</includes>
<!-- 设置不进行测试的类 -->
<!-- <excludes>
<exclude>Test*</exclude>
</excludes>-->
<!-- 跳过测试阶段，一般不推荐跳过 -->
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</plugin>
在没有网络的情况下，可以通过help插件来查找帮助信息
mvn help:describe -DgroupId=org.apache.maven.plugins -DartifactId=maven-compiler-plugin -Dversion=3.8.0
[root@eth-01 ~]# mvn help:describe -DgroupId=org.apache.maven.plugins -DartifactId=maven-compiler-plugin -Dversion=3.8.0
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.4.1/maven-clean-plugin-2.4.1.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.4.1/maven-clean-plugin-2.4.1.pom (5 KB at 1.2 KB/sec)
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/18/maven-plugins-18.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/18/maven-plugins-18.pom (13 KB at 19.3 KB/sec)
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/16/maven-parent-16.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/16/maven-parent-16.pom (23 KB at 43.0 KB/sec)
...
[INFO] org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0
Name: Apache Maven Compiler Plugin
Description: The Compiler Plugin is used to compile the sources of your
project.
Group Id: org.apache.maven.plugins
Artifact Id: maven-compiler-plugin
Version: 3.8.0
Goal Prefix: compiler
This plugin has 3 goals:
compiler:compile
Description: Compiles application sources
compiler:help
Description: Display help information on maven-compiler-plugin.
Call mvn compiler:help -Ddetail=true -Dgoal=<goal-name> to display
parameter details.
compiler:testCompile
Description: Compiles application test sources.
For more information, run 'mvn help:describe [...] -Ddetail'
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2:32.142s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Sep 17 20:07:25 CST 2018
[INFO] Final Memory: 12M/30M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
手动跳过测试
mvn clean package -DskipTests=true
指定测试类
mvn clean package -Dtest=Hello.java
生成测试覆盖率
cobertura
命令方式：mvn cobertura
在target/site下会有cobertura
插件方式
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<formats>
<format>html</format>
<format>xml</format>
</formats>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>cobertura-report</id>
<goals><goal>cobertura</goal></goals>
<phase>test</phase>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
发布web项目
手动方式
命令：mvn clean package
会在target下生成XX.war，然后将xx.war复制到tomcat/webapp下，启动tomcat打包后自动copy
maven copy plugin
<plugin>
<groupId>com.github.goldin</groupId>
<artifactId>copy-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.2.5</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-war</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath>${catalina.home}/webapp</targetPath>
<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
<includes>
<include>user-web.war</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
- 自动扫描变化，并打包
jetty插件
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 每隔10秒钟会自动扫描-->
<scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
<webApp>
<contextPath>/hello</contextPath>
</webApp>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>8080</port>
<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
</connector>
</connectors>
</configuration>
</plugin>
