Linux学习26-linux查看某个时间段的日志(sed -n)-史上最详细

前言

在linux上查找日志的时候，如果我想找出某个时间段的日志，比如查找今天早上8点到下午2点的日志。

用grep不太方便直接过滤出来，可以使用sed根据时间去查找

sed -n '/开始时间日期/,/结束时间日期/p' all.log

查找日志

比如下面这段日志,前面的时间格式都是类似 2019-10-21 07:44:20

2019-10-2421:33:31,678[django.request:93][base:get_response][WARNING]- Not Found: /http:/123.125.114.144/2019-10-2421:33:31,679[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][WARNING]-"HEADhttp://123.125.114.144/ HTTP/1.1"40416782019-10-2422:14:04,121[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]- code400, message Bad request version ('HTTP')2019-10-2422:14:04,122[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][WARNING]-"GET../../mnt/custom/ProductDefinition HTTP"400-2019-10-2422:16:21,052[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/login HTTP/1.1"30102019-10-2422:16:21,123[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/login/ HTTP/1.1"20038762019-10-2422:16:21,192[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/img/main_bg.png HTTP/1.1"20028012019-10-2422:16:21,196[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/iconfont/style.css HTTP/1.1"20016382019-10-2422:16:21,229[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/img/bg.jpg HTTP/1.1"2001359902019-10-2422:16:21,307[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/iconfont/fonts/icomoon.ttf?u4m6fy HTTP/1.1"20069002019-10-2422:16:23,525[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/login/ HTTP/1.1"30202019-10-2422:16:23,618[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/index/ HTTP/1.1"200184472019-10-2422:16:23,709[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/js/commons.js HTTP/1.1"200132092019-10-2422:16:23,712[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/css/admin.css HTTP/1.1"200196602019-10-2422:16:23,712[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/css/common.css HTTP/1.1"20010042019-10-2422:16:23,714[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/js/app.js HTTP/1.1"200208442019-10-2422:16:26,509[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/report_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200146492019-10-2422:16:51,496[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200248742019-10-2422:16:51,721[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"20002019-10-2422:16:59,707[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200248742019-10-2422:16:59,909[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"20002019-10-2422:17:01,306[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/edit_case/1/ HTTP/1.1"200365042019-10-2422:17:06,265[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/add_project/ HTTP/1.1"200177372019-10-2422:17:07,825[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/project_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200297892019-10-2422:17:13,116[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/add_config/ HTTP/1.1"200248162019-10-2422:17:19,671[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/config_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"20019532

比如我要查找上面的从 2019-10-24 22:16:21 到 2019-10-24 22:16:59 这个时间段的日志

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-24 22:16:59/p' all.log

[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-2422:16:21/,/2019-10-2422:16:59/p' all.log2019-10-2422:16:21,052[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/login HTTP/1.1"30102019-10-2422:16:21,123[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/login/ HTTP/1.1"20038762019-10-2422:16:21,192[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/img/main_bg.png HTTP/1.1"20028012019-10-2422:16:21,196[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/iconfont/style.css HTTP/1.1"20016382019-10-2422:16:21,229[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/img/bg.jpg HTTP/1.1"2001359902019-10-2422:16:21,307[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/iconfont/fonts/icomoon.ttf?u4m6fy HTTP/1.1"20069002019-10-2422:16:23,525[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/login/ HTTP/1.1"30202019-10-2422:16:23,618[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/index/ HTTP/1.1"200184472019-10-2422:16:23,709[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/js/commons.js HTTP/1.1"200132092019-10-2422:16:23,712[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/css/admin.css HTTP/1.1"200196602019-10-2422:16:23,712[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/css/common.css HTTP/1.1"20010042019-10-2422:16:23,714[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/static/assets/js/app.js HTTP/1.1"200208442019-10-2422:16:26,509[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/report_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200146492019-10-2422:16:51,496[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"200248742019-10-2422:16:51,721[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"20002019-10-2422:16:59,707[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1"20024874[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

看起来使用很简单，但是会有很大坑，比如时间后面的/p不能漏掉了

遇到的坑

开始时间和结束时间必须要是日志里面有的，要是没有的时间，那查找就没有结果，这个我也被坑过，看网上的教程都是这句，但评论里面总有人说没成功。

后来经过实践，指令是没有问题的，只是开始时间和结束时间必须要是日志里面有才行。

如果开始时间日志里面是没有的，那么查询结果为空，比如开始时间没有2019-10-24 22:16:22

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:22/,/2019-10-24 22:16:59/p' all.log

如果结束时间日志里面是没有的，查询的结果就是开始时间到最后的全部日志

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-24 22:16:58/p' all.log

模糊查询

如果不知道日志的开始时间，不能精确到秒，可以用模糊查询,比如查询时间段2019-10-24 22:14 到 2019-10-24 22:16

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:14:*/,/2019-10-24 22:16:*/p' all.log

[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-2422:14:*/,/2019-10-2422:16:*/p' all.log2019-10-2422:14:04,121[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]- code400, message Bad request version ('HTTP')2019-10-2422:14:04,122[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][WARNING]-"GET../../mnt/custom/ProductDefinition HTTP"400-2019-10-2422:16:21,052[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"GET/api/login HTTP/1.1"3010[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

也可以按小时模糊查询

sed -n '/2019-10-24 21*/,/2019-10-24 22*/p' all.log

结合grep查询

sed 也可以结合 grep 使用，比如我查询上面日志某个时间段的带有 POST 的日志行

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p' all.log | grep POST

[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-2422:16:21/,/2019-10-2120:16:58/p' all.log | grep post[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-2422:16:21/,/2019-10-2120:16:58/p' all.log | grep POST2019-10-2422:16:23,525[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/login/ HTTP/1.1"30202019-10-2422:16:51,721[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"20002019-10-2422:16:59,909[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"20002019-10-2422:17:19,864[django.server:124][basehttp:log_message][INFO]-"POST/api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1"2000[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

日志导出

我们可以查询某个时间段的日志，导出到本地

sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p' all.log > yoyo.log

[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n'/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p'all.log> yoyo.log[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# lltotal1740-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1907 Oct 24 22:54 11.txt-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1081515 Oct 24 23:04 all.log-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 686962 Oct 24 23:04 script.log-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3053 Oct 24 23:08 yoyo.log[root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#