如果centos操作系统没有安装gdb，在调试程序时不方便。如果服务器又不能连接外网。那如何安装gdb呢？本文总结了离线安装gdb的方法。
1.检查并安装perl版本
perl的版本不能太低，不然会影响后面的texinfo安装.
比如出现下面错误：
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at scripts/mysql_install_db line 42.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at scripts/mysql_install_db line 42.
perl -v #检查perl的版本信息（5.16的不可以，需要升级）
下载地址：
wget https://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/perl-5.34.0.tar.gz
安装或升级perl方法
tar zxvf /root/gdbinstall/perl-5.34.0.tar.gz -C /root/gdbinstall/ 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
cd /root/gdbinstall/perl-5.34.0
mkdir /usr/local/perl
./Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr/local/perl -Dusethreads -Uversiononly 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make install 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
mv /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl.old
ln -s /usr/local/perl/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl
perl -version
以上是安装5.34版本的perl。
2.安装texinfo
下载地址：https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/
在后面编译安装gdb时可能会提示：
WARNING: 'makeinfo' is missing on your system.
这是因为texinfo没有安装的原因。
安装texinfo:
tar zxvf /root/gdbinstall/texinfo-6.8.tar.gz -C /root/gdbinstall/ 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
cd /root/gdbinstall/texinfo-6.8
mkdir /usr/local/texinfo
./configure 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make install DESTDIR=/usr/local/texinfo 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
mv -f /usr/local/texinfo/usr/local/bin/* /usr/sbin/
3.安装gdb
下载地址：
https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/
tar zxvf /root/gdbinstall/gdb-10.2.tar.gz -C /root/gdbinstall/ 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
cd /root/gdbinstall/gdb-10.2
./configure 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
make install DESTDIR=/usr/local/gdb 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
cp /usr/local/gdb/usr/local/bin/* /usr/bin/
[root@jf01 gdbinstall]# gdb
GNU gdb (GDB) 10.2
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-pc-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
(gdb) quit
