原文链接地址：https://bitcointechtalk.com/bitcoin-gold-what-you-need-to-know-8b3e645be409

文章题目是：Bitcoin Gold: What you need to know

咱们先看看Jimmy Song 是谁？领英介绍：Full stack developer, manager and bitcoin early adopter. 全栈开发者，比特币早期开发者，他还是一位管理人员。看来是一位区块链爱好者，还是业内老鸟了，所以他的观点有一定的参考价值。

Bitcoin Gold: What you need to know

There’s a Bitcoin hard fork around the corner and it’s not 2x.Announcedright before Bitcoin Cash forked, Bitcoin Gold is scheduled to go live sometime in November. In this article, I’m going to explain what Bitcoin Gold is, how and when it will hard fork and what you’ll need to do to prepare.

这次不久就会发生的比特币硬分叉不是2X（另外一种比特币硬分叉，可能在11月份发生），它在Bitcoin Cash(比特币第一次硬分叉，国内称为BCC，国外称为BCH)的硬分叉前就已经公布了，Bitcoin Gold 计划是在11月份某个时间启动。在这篇文章中，我将说解释说明什么是Bitcoin Gold，这次硬分叉是如何发生的，什么时候发生以及你需要做什么准备工作。

What is Bitcoin Gold?

Bitcoin Gold is the brainchild of Jack Liao and is launching as a hard fork of Bitcoin. The goal of BTG is to become a better gold than Bitcoin. The chief way they have decided to do this is trying to solve miner centralization through a proof-of-work change.

Bitcoin Gold是Jack Liao的点子并实施这次比特币的硬分叉。BTG（即Bitcoin Gold的简称，下文同）的目标是变得比特币更好。他们想主要通过转变pow的方式来解决原比特币矿工过于集中的问题。

Changing proof-of-work is generally going to require a hard fork and BTG has decided to go that route. The proof-of-work that they’ve chosen isEquihash, a memory-hard algorithm that’s fairly ASIC and also used by ZCash. The idea is to give mining back to the users who can start using CPUs and GPUs to mine.

转变pow工作量证明模式通常会需要硬分叉，BTG决定采用这种途径来实现。他们选择工作证明是Equihash模式，内存硬盘算法能很好的平衡ASIC这样的算力过大的问题，并且这种模式ZCASH中已经使用了。这个主意让挖矿的矿工用CPU和GPU都可以去挖矿。

BTG developers are also considering a premine of up to 1%. How that will be executed is unclear, but will probably consist of taking some of the mining reward as they’re committed to keeping BTG at the 21 million limit.

BTG开发者在也考虑之后达到1%（这个没有看明白指的是什么），具体怎么执行还不清楚，但是有可能会给一些挖矿奖励，并且继续保持BTG总体数量2100万个不变。

What’s so special about ASIC resistance? 什么让ASIC（比特币一个大的矿机专业生产商，据说当算力达到过比特币的51%算力的危险值，如果达到比特币将失去最重要的特性－无法更改记录，从而失去人们对它的信任。）如此特殊的抵抗？

ASICs are Application Specific Integrated Circuits. They’re different from CPUs in that they do only one thing, but they do it really, really well.

ASIC是比特币挖矿专用集成电路生产商。他们和酡CPU生产商不同，他专业只做挖矿机，做的真的非常好。

Bitcoin mining is currently completely dominated by ASICs, mostly produced by Bitmain, Bitfury and Canaan. This is largely due to the proof-of-work function (SHA256) being reasonably simple and not requiring much RAM. Equihash, on the other hand, is a pretty complex hashing function and requires a lot of RAM to perform. That means it’s much more expensive to produce ASICs for Equihash and the speed gain isn’t nearly as much.

比特币挖矿现在已经完全被ASIC设备所控制，基本上都是由Bitmain（比特大陆），Bitfury and Canaan生产的。这主要是因为pow工作权益证明很简单，不需要太多RAM。而另一方面Equihash是一个复杂的散列函数，需要大量RAM来执行。这样如果ASIC为Equihash生产挖矿机就昂贵很多，收益速度也不会同样的多。

To give you an idea, a normal CPU can mine SHA256 at around 5–10 MH/s. An ASIC can mine SHA256 at around 5–10 TH/s, or about 1 million times more work per second than a CPU can. By comparison, a normal CPU can mine Equihash at around 10–30 H/s, where as specialized equipment can do something like 1000–3000 H/s, or about 100 times more work per second.

给你一个想法，一个普通的CPU可以在大约5-10 MH / s的时候挖出SHA256。ASIC可以在大约5-10个TH / s的时间内挖掘SHA256，每秒工作一百万次比CPU高出很多。相比之下，正常的CPU可以在10-30 H / s的范围内挖掘Equihash，专门的设备可以像1000-3000 H / s，每秒工作量大约100倍。

In other words, the playing field is a lot more level with Equihash than SHA256 due to the ASIC-resistance. Of course, it’s hard to know how much economics would change if Equihash were to become as profitable, but suffice it to say that the efficiency gain would still be much less than SHA256.

也就是说，比赛中ASIC的挖SHA256性能远超Equihash，当然，如果Equihash开始变得有利可图了，很难知道能带来多少经济变化，但也可以足以说明效率提高要无少于SHA256.

When are they going to Hard Fork? 什么时候开始硬分叉？

Their plan is to pick a block on October 25, 2017 to fork from, hence the date on their webpage. That doesnotmean that their coin launches on that day, just that the Bitcoin blockchain gets frozen for the BTG chain on that day and new BTG blocks built on top later.

他们计划是在17年10月25日选择一个块从他们网页的这个日期上开始分叉。这并不是说他们新币会在那天产生，只有在Bitcoin 区块链冻结那天，BTG新链出来，BTG块也会在新链上面产生。

Currently, they are planning an early November release, which means that their blockchain will have no blocks for a week or so in between.

目前，他们计划在11月初释放新链，这意味着他们的区块链在一周左右的时间内没有区块产生。

The Bitcoin Gold developers plan to create a testnet sometime in mid-to-late October. They’ll make theirsoftwareavailable soon after.

BTG开发团队计划在10月中某个时间创建一个testnet，他们之后就很快可以提供软件了。

What does it mean for me?对为来说这是意味着什么呢？

Bitcoin Gold will only affect you if you own Bitcoin when they pick the hard fork block, that is, around October 25. You will receive the exact amount of Bitcoin Gold as Bitcoin you hold at that block.

BTG将只会影响你自己拥有的BTC当他们硬分叉时，那会是大约在10月25日。你将得到和你持有BTC数量一样多的BTG。

They are planning strong replay protection, so you probably won’t have to worry about replay attacks. However, you will most likely need to download a wallet or construct transactions manually to be able to move your Bitcoin Gold tokens.

他们有很强大的重放保持计划，所以你不用太担心重放攻击。可是，你很可能需要下载一个钱包，或者手动创建一个交易，以便能转移你的BTG币。

Basically, if Bitcoin Gold isn’t worth very much (less than 0.0001 BTC or so), it’s probably not worth doing anything. If it’s actually worth something (say 0.01 BTC or higher), there will be tools that wallet developers will most likely write so you can access your Bitcoin Gold.

基本上，如果BTG价值不多，比如少于0.0001BTC或者更少，它对于你来说没价值做什么事情。如果有些价值的东西，比如0.01BTC或者更高，那钱包开发商都会开发工具让你访问你的BTG。

If you have your Bitcoins on an exchange, the exchange will likely credit you with your Bitcoin Gold eventually. This will especially be true if BTG has value above 0.01 BTC. Generally, it’s better to control your own private keys as that gives you the most flexibility. That said, the fiduciary duty any exchange or merchant has when they take possession of your Bitcoin means they probably have to give you the Bitcoin Gold due to you.

如何你有比特币在交易所，交易所可能最终还是会给你BTG。尤其你的比特币价值是0.01BTC以上的情况下。通常，你最好控制好你的私钥这样可以让你有更多的灵活性。那些你放币的交易所或商人有义务和责任把BTG给你。

Conclusion 结论：

Bitcoin Gold is another hard fork that will bring some changes to the ecosystem. If you’re a holder, there isn’t that much to fear here, and there may be some free money in it for you! If you’re a developer for any wallet or exchange, that’s another story.

BTG是BTC另外一个硬分叉，它将为这个生态系统带来一些改变。如果你是BTC的拥有者，这没有什么好担心的，并且你还将免费得到一个币！如果你是你交易所和钱包的开发团队，那就是另外一个事儿了。

这次作业硬着头皮，借助翻译工具来理解生词，花了一天时间总算读了一遍，并把大概意思翻译了出来，第一次可能有错误的地方，欢迎战友指正。

欢迎进入区块链世界十万个为什么－一个让你快速从小白到精通的网站！：www.blockchainworldwhy.com网址很长，欢迎收藏。