动词不定式
1）动词不定式的基本形式是“be+动词原形”，有时可以不带to，其否定形式是“not to +动词原形”。动词不定式形式虽然不能作谓语，但是仍然保留着动词的特征，它可以带所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语。
2）动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征，因此它在句中可作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语和状语。
A. 作主语 如：To learn English well isn’t an easy job.
To have a talk with her is a great pleasure.
It is important to have good habits.
It takes me half an hour to go to school by bike.
B. 作表语 如：Our plan is to get to the top of the mountain in an hour.
His job is to treat the patients with eye problems.
The girl’s ambition is to be a great dancer.
Our purpose is to achieve a balance between work and play.
C. 作宾语
有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，如：agree(同意), begin(开始), ask(要求), choose(选择), continue(继续), decide(决定), forget(忘记), remember(记得), learn(学习), plan(计划), wish(希望), volunteer(志愿), prepare(准备)等等。如：
They decided to change their diet. He wants to be a computer programmer.
The baby started to talk at the age of eleven months.
D. 宾语补足语
动词不定式可作复合宾语中的宾语补足语，常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise(建议), ask(请求), encourage(鼓励), invite(邀请), persuade(劝说), remind(提醒), teach(教), tell(告诉), want(想要), warn(警告), wish(希望)等等。如：
My teacher advised me to carry on with my hobbies.
I told the children not to frighten the dog. / They asked me to go shopping with them
E. 定语
动词不定式可以用作修饰名词或代词的定语，用作定语的不定式须跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。下列名词之后多直接跟动词不定式作定语：ability, agreement, chance, decision, hope, need, offer, plan, request, wish等等。如：
His plan to get success in the game made his parents very happy.
I need a pen to write with. / There are a lot of good novels to read.
F. 状语
动词不定式可以用作修饰动词或形容词的状语，一般放在其所修饰的动词或形容词之后。如：He went to Italy to learn clothes designing.
To get to the office on time, he took a taxi there.
He went back home to find his dog missing.
He is creative enough to be a director.
He is too weak to play football well.动词不定式
2008-11-24 14:01
1）动词不定式的基本形式是“be+动词原形”，有时可以不带to，其否定形式是“not to +动词原形”。动词不定式形式虽然不能作谓语，但是仍然保留着动词的特征，它可以带所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语。
2）动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征，因此它在句中可作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语和状语。
A. 作主语 如：To learn English well isn’t an easy job.
To have a talk with her is a great pleasure.
It is important to have good habits.
It takes me half an hour to go to school by bike.
B. 作表语 如：Our plan is to get to the top of the mountain in an hour.
His job is to treat the patients with eye problems.
The girl’s ambition is to be a great dancer.
Our purpose is to achieve a balance between work and play.
C. 作宾语
有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，如：agree(同意), begin(开始), ask(要求), choose(选择), continue(继续), decide(决定), forget(忘记), remember(记得), learn(学习), plan(计划), wish(希望), volunteer(志愿), prepare(准备)等等。如：
They decided to change their diet. He wants to be a computer programmer.
The baby started to talk at the age of eleven months.
D. 宾语补足语
动词不定式可作复合宾语中的宾语补足语，常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise(建议), ask(请求), encourage(鼓励), invite(邀请), persuade(劝说), remind(提醒), teach(教), tell(告诉), want(想要), warn(警告), wish(希望)等等。如：
My teacher advised me to carry on with my hobbies.
I told the children not to frighten the dog. / They asked me to go shopping with them
E. 定语
动词不定式可以用作修饰名词或代词的定语，用作定语的不定式须跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。下列名词之后多直接跟动词不定式作定语：ability, agreement, chance, decision, hope, need, offer, plan, request, wish等等。如：
His plan to get success in the game made his parents very happy.
I need a pen to write with. / There are a lot of good novels to read.
F. 状语
动词不定式可以用作修饰动词或形容词的状语，一般放在其所修饰的动词或形容词之后。如：He went to Italy to learn clothes designing.
To get to the office on time, he took a taxi there.
He went back home to find his dog missing.
He is creative enough to be a director.
He is too weak to play football well.
