环境准备

开发工具：IntelliJ IDEA

项目构建工具：maven 3.6.0

JDK版本：1.8

代码地址

log4jdemo
log4j2demo
logbackdemo
logdemo

log4j

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4jdemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>log4jdemo</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Main.java

package com.mac2099.log4j;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

/**
 * Hello world!
 */
public class Main {
    static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Main.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LOGGER.info("log4j demo");
    }
}

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,console
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %c: %m%n

运行结果

2021-10-11 22:21:20 [INFO] com.mac2099.log4j.Main: log4j demo

log4j.properties打印日志到控制台和磁盘文件的配置参考

# 日志级别,appendName1,appendName2,......
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,console,logFile

#打印日志到控制台
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %c: %m%n

#打印日志到/Users/mac2099/temp/mylog.log
log4j.appender.logFile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logFile.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.logFile.ImmediateFlush=true
log4j.appender.logFile.Append=true
log4j.appender.logFile.File=/Users/mac2099/temp/mylog.log
log4j.appender.logFile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logFile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %c: %m%n

log4j参考：

Log4j.properties配置详解-cnblogs
Log4j.properties配置详解

log4j2

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j2demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>log4j2demo</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Main.java

package com.mac2099.log4j2;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

/**
 * Hello world!
 */
public class Main {
    static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LOGGER.info("log4j2 demo");
    }
}

log4j2.properties

rootLogger.level=info
rootLogger.appenderRef.stdout.ref=STDOUT
appender.console.type=Console
appender.console.name=STDOUT
appender.console.layout.type=PatternLayout
appender.console.layout.pattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %c: %m%n

运行结果

2021-10-11 22:35:09 [INFO] com.mac2099.log4j2.Main: log4j2 demo

log4j2参考：

log4j2.properties 配置文件样例及作用解释

log4j2详细配置参考

name=PropertiesConfig
# 定义变量。指定日志文件的位置和文件名称,以便记录多份日志时,直接引用
property.fileName=ctms
property.fileDir=../logs
property.filePath=${fileDir}/${fileName}.log
appenders=console, rolling
 
# rootLogger, 根记录器，所有记录器的父辈
# 指定根日志的级别
rootLogger.level=info
# 指定输出的appender引用
rootLogger.appenderRef.stdout.ref=Stdout
rootLogger.appenderRef.rolling.ref=InfoRollingFile
 
# console
# 指定输出源的类型与名称
appender.console.type=Console
appender.console.name=Stdout
appender.console.layout.type=PatternLayout
# 输出模板
appender.console.layout.pattern=%highlight{%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%5p] [%t] [%l] - %m%n}{FATAL=white, ERROR=red, WARN=blue, INFO=Green, DEBUG=Yellow, TRACE=blue}
 
# rolling file
appender.rolling.type=RollingFile
appender.rolling.name=InfoRollingFile
appender.rolling.fileName=${filePath}
# 指定当发生Rolling时，文件的转移和重命名规则
appender.rolling.filePattern=${fileDir}/${fileName}_%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_%i.log
appender.rolling.layout.type=PatternLayout
appender.rolling.layout.pattern=%highlight{%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%5p] [%t] [%l] - %m%n}{FATAL=white, ERROR=red, WARN=blue, INFO=Green, DEBUG=Yellow, TRACE=blue}
# 指定记录文件的封存策略，该策略主要是完成周期性的日志文件封存工作
appender.rolling.policies.type=Policies
# 基于时间的触发策略
appender.rolling.policies.time.type=TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy
# 当前记录周期为每1h生成一个文件
appender.rolling.policies.time.interval=1
appender.rolling.policies.time.modulate=true
# 基于日志文件体积的触发策略
appender.rolling.policies.size.type=SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy
# 当日志文件体积大于size指定的值时，触发Rolling
appender.rolling.policies.size.size=20M
# 文件封存的覆盖策略
appender.rolling.strategy.type=DefaultRolloverStrategy
# 生成分割（封存）文件的个数
appender.rolling.strategy.max=100

logback

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>logbackdemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>logbackdemo</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

Main.java

package com.mac2099.logback;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Hello world!
 */
public class Main {
    static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LOGGER.info("logback demo");
    }
}

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>

    <!--控制台日志， 控制台输出 -->
    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %c: %m%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <!-- 日志输出级别 -->
    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="console"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

运行结果

2021-10-11 22:40:35 [INFO] com.mac2099.logback.Main: logback demo

logback参考：

logback配置详解 & 原理介绍