环境：Ubunt18.04+Python3.6

错误描述：运行

import cv2

出现如下错误信息：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: /opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2.so: undefined symbol: PyCObject_Type

错误原因：

由于在PYTHONPATH中存在"/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages"或者上述路径位于"your_env/lib/python3.6/site_packages"之前（路径越靠前，优先级越高），则在包导入时试图在优先级高的路径中寻找cv2.so文件，进而导致出错。

解决方法

• 删除 “/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages”路径，同事注释掉.bashrc中的“source /opt/ros/kinetic/setup.bash”，因为这条语句会自动在环境变量中添加“/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages”路径
• 将"your_env/lib/python3.6/site_packages"路径添加在 “/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages”之前

export PYTHONPATH=/home/gordon/python-virtual-environments/RL_2018HW/lib/python3.5/site-packages:$PYTHONPATH

• 在import cv2之前通过python语句删除ros的路径

import sys
sys.path.remove('/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages')
import cv2