智慧消防v2.0数据库mysql部署(Linux)
1、首先关闭linux的防火墙,执行命令
systemctl status firewalld #查看firewall防火墙状态
firewall-cmd --list-ports #查看firewall防火墙开放端口
systemctl start firewalld.service #打开firewall防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #关闭firewall防火墙
firewall -cmd --reload #重启firewal防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
从mysql官网上下载自己适合的mysql版本https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads,进入mysql官网,依次点击
3、下载后的mysql文件
mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz
将下载好的mysql压缩文件放置在linux的/usr/local文件夹下,解压该压缩文件
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz
将解压后的文件重命名为mysql
mv mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686 mysql
4、创建mysql用户组及用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5、进入到mysql目录,执行添加MySQL配置的操作
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
或:
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
是否覆盖?按y 回车
6、编辑/etc/my.cnf文件;
vi /etc/my.cnf
在my.cnf文件中添加或者修改相关配置,更改完成后保存退出
1 # For advice on how to change settings please see 2 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html 3 # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the 4 # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you 5 # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. 6 7 [mysqld] 8 9 # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data10 # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.11 # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M12 13 # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging14 # changes to the binary log between backups.15 # log_bin16 17 # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.18 basedir = /usr/local/mysql19 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data20 port = 330621 # server_id = .....22 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock23 character-set-server = utf824 skip-name-resolve25 log-err = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log26 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid27 28 # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.29 # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.30 # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.31 # join_buffer_size = 128M32 # sort_buffer_size = 2M33 # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 34 35 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
7、在mysql当前目录下设定目录的访问权限(注意后面的小点,表示当前目录)
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
./bin/mysqld –initialize –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/src/mysql/data/
注意记住初始密码
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
8、初始化数据(在mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts下有个 mysql_install_db 可执行文件初始化数据库),进入mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts目录下,执行下面命令
./mysql_install_db --verbose --user=root --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid --tmpdir=/tmp
9、启动mysql,进入/usr/local/mysql/bin目录,执行下面命令
./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --user=root &
注意,如果光标停留在屏幕上,表示启动成功,需要我们先关闭shell终端,再开启一个新的shell终端,不要执行退出操作。如果出现 mysql ended这样的语句,表示Mysql没有正常启动,你可以到log中查找问题.
10、设置开机启动,新开启shell中断后,进入mysql目录,执行下面命令
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/
重启linux
reboot
查看mysql状态
service mysqld status
11、添加远程访问权限
(1)、添加mysql命令
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin (mysql的安装路径)
(2)、更改访问权限
登录mysql,执行下面命令
mysql -uroot -p
密码为空直接回车,运行以下两条命令
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'duan' with grant option;
Flush privileges;
退出mysql
exit
重启linux,就完成了
reboot
注:本机访问mysql,root账户默认是没有密码的,端口号默认3306,如果需要修改root账户密码,在/usr/local/mysql/bin目录下,执行下面命令
./mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uroot password 'duan'exit
主从同步配置
环境:
主数据库:192.168.1.1
从数据库:192.168.1.2
从数据库:192.168.1.3
从数据库:192.168.1.4
mysql安装可参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/merely/p/9714681.html
配置步骤:
1、保证两个数据库中的库和数据是一致的;
2、在主数据中创建一个同步账号(可不创建使用现有的),如果仅仅为了主从复制创建账号,只需要授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限。
1)、创建一个账号,账号:master 密码: 123456
CREATE USER 'master'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'master'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
3、配置主数据库
1)要主数据库,你必须要启用二进制日志(binary logging),并且创建一个唯一的Server ID,这步骤可能要重启MySQL。
2)主服务器发送变更记录到从服务器依赖的是二进制日志,如果没启用二进制日志,复制操作不能实现(主库复制到从库)。
3)复制组中的每台服务器都要配置唯一的Server ID,取值范围是1到(232)−1,你自己决定取值。
4)配置二进制日志和Server ID,你需要关闭MySQL和编辑my.cnf或者my.ini文件,在 [mysqld] 节点下添加配置。
5)下面是启用二进制日志,日志文件名以“mysql-bin”作为前缀,Server ID配置为1,如下:
复制代码
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
#网络上还有如下配置
#binlog-do-db=mstest //要同步的mstest数据库,要同步多个数据库,就多加几个replicate-db-db=数据库名
#binlog-ignore-db=mysql //要忽略的数据库
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1
复制代码
4、重启mysql
5、查看主服务器状态:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show master status;
注意:记录好File和Position,后面要用
6、配置从数据库:
1)从服务器,同理,要分配一个唯一的Server ID,需要关闭MySQL,修改好后再重启,如下:
复制代码
[mysqld]
server-id=2
#可以指定要复制的库
replicate-do-db=test-xxx #在master端不指定binlog-do-db,在slave端用replication-do-db来过滤
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #忽略的库
#网上还有下面配置
#relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin
复制代码
2)配置连接主服务器的信息:
进入sqlplus:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
复制代码
mysql> stop slave1;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1',
-> MASTER_USER='master',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_PORT=3309,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
mysql> start slave1;
复制代码
3)查看状态
mysql> show slave1status \G;
复制代码
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.1
Master_User: master
Master_Port: 3309
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2950
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000007
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: test-xxx
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
...
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 #表示已同步
...
复制代码
4)若 Slave_SQL_Running: no 请重复执行以下内容,直至yes:
stop slave1;
set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1;
start slave1;
重复从数据库配置操作,注意变更server-id