China politics in the 1980s

On May 21,1989,the two surviving field marshals of the PLA from the civil war era,Nie Rongzhen and Xu Xiangqian ,declared on TV that the demonstrations were a partriotic event. This was followed by a letter sent directly to Den Xiaoping by seven senior generals,reportedly including retired Defense Secretary Zhang Aiping, retired chief staff Yang Delhi,and treated naval commander Ye Fei. They protested the use of martial law tactics and asserted that the people’s army should never fire on the people .some 100 other officers signed the letter.the opium war(1839-1842),the Nixon wanted establishing diplomatic relay with Beijing, the Japanese in normalizing their relation in1972,agreed only to have unofficial ties and with Taipei.when mao died in1976, his successor immediately purged the Gang of Four.the nature of future Sino-American relations: comparative or contentious? Constructive or destructive?wary or warm?the one country two systems proposal Beijing has made to taiwan.