例如

  "result": {
        "ceshi": "测试",
        "yingyu": "英语",
        "hanyu": "中文",
        "CANTONESE": "粤语"
    }

JSONObject 提供了一个方法keys().

  try {
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonStr);
            Iterator<String> keys = jsonObject.keys();
            while (keys.hasNext()) {
                String key = keys.next();
                String value = jsonObject.optString(key);
                Log.e("zmm", key + "--------->" + value);
            }
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

}

解决