状态 - 简书


*普通状态*
安静
halcyon	宁静的，平静的：free from；繁荣的，丰富的：affluent
mute	不说话的，缄默的：refraining from speech；使颜色，音调等柔和：soften；减弱声音：muffle the sound
quiescent	平静的，静止的：quiet, inactive
reticent	沉默不语的：inclined to be silent；不愿意的：slow to begin
serene	安静的：free from uproar；稳重的，镇静的：unaffected, calm
taciturn	沉默寡言的，话少的：disinclined to talk
tranquility	宁静，淡定：freedom from storm
placid	宁静的，风平浪静的：free from storms；冷静的，淡定的：free from agitation
吵闹
boisterous	喧嚷的，吵闹的：noisily
din	喧闹声，嘈杂声：loud noise；重复，使人厌烦地反复灌输：again
fracas	争吵，吵闹：physical dispute, noisy fight
obstreperous	难驾驭的，任性的：unruly；吵闹的：loud and insistent cries
restive	急躁的，忧虑的：impatience, uneasiness；难以管束的：resisting control
restless	不平静的：lack of quite
tumult	骚乱，暴动：disorderly, disturbance
vociferous	喧哗的，大叫大嚷的：vehement outcry
clamor	喧闹；喧哗，噪声：loud, inharmonious
吃惊
appall	使惊恐：consternation
furor	喧闹，狂怒，激动，狂热：intense excitement
marvel	令人惊奇的事物：surprise, admiration or wonder；（因为壮观、美丽等而）表示惊讶：feel amazement
petrify	使僵化，使失去活力：become stiff
sensation	感觉，知觉：sense；轰动事件：intense interest
startle	使吓一跳，使大吃一惊：frighten or surprise
agape	急切盼望的：eagerly awaiting
lurid	恐怖的：令人反感的：causing revulsion；面色苍白的，病态的：pale in appearance
squeamish	恶心的，晕船的：nausea
充满
fraught	充满的：full；令人忧虑的：emotional distress
replete	彻底吃饱了的：appetite completely satisfied；充满…的，富于…的：possessing great numbers
繁忙
hasty	轻率的：superficial excessive or careless speed
onerous	费时间花心思的：requiring much time, effort
taxing	繁重的，费力的：requiring much time, effort
方便
convenience	便利，方便：fitness suitability
费解
abstruse	难以理解的：recondite
conundrum	无法解决的问题，迷：insoluble, dilemma
convoluted	复杂的，费解的：complicated
enigma	难以理解或解释的事物，谜：hard to understand
esoteric	深奥难懂的：difficult to understand；少数人知道的：not known by the general
obscure	含义模糊的：not clearly, veiled, uncertain meaning；平凡的，不知名的：famous；使模糊：indistinct
opaque	不透光的：impenetrable by light, neither transparent translucent；晦涩的：obscure
profundity	深奥，深刻：abstruse
recondite	深奥的，难解的：difficult to comprehend
疯狂
delirium	精神错乱；极度兴奋，发狂：mental disturbance confused
distraught	精神狂乱的，极疯狂的：agitated, insane
fad	（短暂的）流行，时尚：popular for a short time
和谐
camaraderie	友情：friendly
concord	一致，和睦：harmony, agreement
console	安慰，慰藉：alleviate, comfort
harmonious	和谐一致的：agreeably related
incongruent	不全等的；不一致的：not conforming
mediate	调解，调停：bring about an agreement
mollify	平息，抚慰，缓和：calm
pacify	使平静，安慰：ease the anger
placate	（通过让步以）平息抚慰：lessen the anger
rapport	和睦，友好：friendly relationship
rapprochement	和睦，友好：cordial relations
reconcile	使和解，协调：harmony
solace	安慰：comfort in sorrow；安慰，安抚：console
soothe	带来慰藉，安慰：bring comfort；使镇静，使安心：free from distress；弱化，缓解：less severe
sop	安慰物：placate or soothe；贿赂，回扣：improperly influence a person's conduct；浸湿，湿透：wet thoroughly
attune	使协调，使和谐：into harmony
缓和
alleviate	缓和，减轻：relieve, lessen
assuage	缓和，减轻：lessen, intensity; 平息，抚慰：pacify, calm; 使满足：satisfying
defuse	抚慰，减轻：make less tense
disarm	解除武装：reduce armed forces；使息怒，平息，抚慰：lessen；使无害：harmless
mitigate	减轻痛苦，使缓和：less severe
palliate	平息，减轻：less severe intense
混乱
amorphous	无固定形状的：definite, shapeless; 不可归类的：unclassifiable
chaos	混乱：disorder, confusion
commotion	骚乱：disturbance
convulsion	痉挛（强烈的、无法控制的肌肉收缩）：involuntary contraction；骚乱：disturbance
disarray	混乱，无秩序：lack order；使混乱：undo order, arrangement
disjointed	机能失调的：out orderly function；不连贯的：not connected
havoc	大混乱：out of order；大范围破坏：nonexistent unsound or useless
implacable	固执的：sticking to an opinion；无法平息的：not capable of being appeased
pandemonium	喧嚣，骚动：noise
rambunctious	喧闹的，骚乱的：noisy
turmoil	骚动，混乱：agitation, commotion
welter	混乱，动乱：disorder
混杂
commingle	充分混合：blend
medley	大杂烩，混合物：mixture
mingle	mingle：social；混合，结合：mix
pastiche	（带嘲讽的）模仿：imitates with satirical intent；大杂烩：hodgepodge
alloy	合金；混合物：combing of two or more different things；掺杂，降低...的纯度：debase by the addition
坚固
indurate	铁石心肠的，冷酷无情的：a lack of sympathy；使变硬：physically firm；使习惯于（如艰苦或尴尬之境况）：withstand physical hardship
ironclad	非常坚固的，坚不可摧的：unbreakable
static	静态的；停滞的：lack of movement；无改变的：little change
stiff	僵硬的，无法弯曲的：lacking suppleness；（在社交场合）缺乏优雅的，不自在的：lacking social grace；过分的，过高的：beyond limit；艰苦的，费力的：requiring effort
substantial	物质的：having substance；有重大意义的：considerable in importance
间接
allude	间接提到：indirectly
backhanded	间接的，含沙射影的，虚情假意的：indirect
oblique	斜的：inclined or twisted
vicarious	代理的，取代的：substitute for another
紧急	紧急
exigent	紧急的：immediate
精确
nicety	连结：connection；核心，最重要的地带：greatest importance
sophisticated	精明的，老于世故的：worldly knowledge or refinement；复杂的：complex
困境
arduous	难以做到的，费劲的：difficult
discommode	打扰，使不便：trouble
disconcert	使不安：disturb
inferno	大火：fire；地狱：resembles hell
knotty	多结的，复杂的，困难的：full of difficulties complications
plight	困境：unfortunate
quandary	困惑，窘境：perplexity, doubt
strand	绳，线之一股：single filament；遗弃，使置之困境：leave in a unfavorable place
流行
pandemic	大范围流行的：widespread
prevail	盛行，战胜：greater in strength
prevalent	流行的，普遍的：commonly accepted
revive	恢复意识：return to consciousness；再获新生：active again
模糊
ambiguous	有多种理解方式的，不确定的：more than one, doubt, uncertain
blur	（使）变得朦胧，（使）变得不清楚：vague; 使不易理解：unclear to the understanding
imprecise	不精确的：not precise
nebulous	模糊的：indistinct
random	随机的，随意的：lacking pattern
vague	表达不清的：not clearly expressed；轮廓不清晰的：lacking definite shape
疲劳
enervate	使衰弱：weaken；使麻木：deprive of emotional vitality
exhaust	耗尽：consume entirely, complete use of；筋疲力尽：wear out
fatigue	疲惫：weariness or exhaustion；（让人厌倦的）苦差事：causes weariness
grueling	费时间花心思的：requiring
jaded	疲惫的：depleted in strength；厌倦的，没兴趣没热情的：patience exhausted
languid	没精打采的，虚弱的：lacking energy
languor	懒惰：inertness；衰弱：weakness, weariness
lassitude	乏力，没精打采：diminished energy
lethargic	没精打采的，行动迟缓的：sluggish
slouch	懒人：lazy person；缓慢行走：move slowly
贫穷
dearth	供应不足：inadequate
deficiency	缺乏，不足：inadequate
impecunious	贫穷的：no money
indigent	贫穷的：lacking money
meager	贫乏的：deficient
needy	贫穷的：impoverished
paucity	少量，缺乏：dearth
privation	缺乏，穷困：lack
scant	不足的，缺乏的：scarcely
want	短缺：lacking；渴望：desire
清晰
appreciable	可感知的，明显的：perceptible
clarity	清晰，清楚：clear, lucidity; 清澈透明:easily seen through
explicit	表达清晰的：fully revealed or expressed；成熟的，完全形成的：fully developed
limpid	透明清澈的：transparent clearness；镇定的，淡定的：free from agitation
manifest	显然的，明显易懂：understanding；显现，显露：make evident
palpable	摸得到的：capable touched；明显的，易觉察的：obvious
patent	显而易见的，明显的：readily visible
pellucid	透明的：admitting light；清晰明确的，易懂的：clear
生存
regimen	（政治上的）统治：lawful control
symbiosis	共生关系：living together
vitality	活力，生命力：vigor
适当
apposite	相关的，合适的：pertinent, appropriate
apropos	相关的：relevant; 关于，有关：having to do with
condign	应得的，恰当的：deserved
meet	合适的：very proper
opportune	合适的，恰当的：convenient
seemly	得体的，遵守礼节的：following the established traditions
behoove	对...有利：necessary, proper, advantageous
timely	及时的，无拖延的：without delay；恰到好处的，合乎时宜的：appropriate
死亡相关
inter	埋葬：place in grave
paradise	天堂，极乐世界：perfection and happiness；快乐，狂喜：pleasurable emotion
perish	死亡，消亡：cease to exist
succumb	屈服：yield to superior strength；死亡：death
随机
accidental	意外发生的，偶然的：unexpectedly; 附带的，不重要的：not being a vital part
adventitious	外来的，后天的，非内在的：not inherent or innate
gamble	赌博，孤注一掷：bet；（使）受到威胁，冒险：in danger
haphazard	无秩序的，无目标的：lack of plan, order or direction
backfire	产生相反的结果，事与愿违：reverse
弯曲
awry	弯曲的，扭曲的：turned, twisted; 走样的（地），出差错的（地）：off, course
contort	扭曲：twist
crook	使弯曲：away from a straight line
detour	偏离正常标准：away from standard；改变方向或者路线，绕道：change direction
distort	扭曲，歪曲：twist
flexible	灵活的，可变的：readily changed；易受影响的：susceptible to influence
grimace	因痛苦而面部扭曲，（作）怪相，（作）鬼脸：contortion pain, disgust or disapproval
misrepresent	误传，篡改：give misleading representation
pliant	易弯曲的：easily bent；顺从的：yielding
serpentine	弯曲的：winding
tortuous	转弯抹角的：indirect
warp	使偏向：turn；扭曲，变形：twist；曲解：alter the meaning
危险
browbeat	恐吓：intimidate
cow	恐吓，威胁：frighten
portentous	预兆性的，凶兆的：sign of evil；勾起兴趣的，令人遐想的：eliciting amazement
precarious	危险的，不稳定的：lacking security, stability；可疑的，不明确的：uncertain
perilous	危险的：potential loss or injury
无理
gratuitous	无根据的，无理由的：unwarranted；无报酬的，免费的：without return；多余的：not needed
习惯
convention	常规，习俗：agreement, acceptance；公约，协议：agreement；大会，集会：coming together
inure	使习惯接受不好的东西：accustom；使坚强：withstand physical hardship
inveterate	积习的：firmly established
unwonted	不习惯的，不寻常的：not habitual, ordinary, unusual
相反
topsy-turvy	混乱的：lacking in order
topsy-turvy	混乱的：lacking in order
眩晕
stupor	迟钝，麻痹，无知觉：suspended sense
vertigo	眩晕：dizzy
严厉.严肃
demanding	难以取悦的，难满足的：satisfied；费时间花心思的：requiring careful attention
dour	闷闷不乐的，死气沉沉的：gloomy；严厉的：harsh
draconian	极其残酷的，十分严厉的：harsh
solemnity	庄严，严肃：solemn
摇摆不定
dodder	蹒跚，颤巍巍地行进：progress unsteadily
hesitance	犹豫，不情愿：hesitant, reluctant
oscillate	振动，摇晃：swing；犹豫，变化：vary
reluctant	不情愿的，反感的：showing unwillingness
rickety	不稳的：lacking stability
teeter	蹒跚，不稳定地行走：unsteadily；犹豫不决：uncertainty
vacillate	犹豫不决：hesitate；摇动，摇摆：oscillate
wobble	摇晃，颤抖：move or proceed unsteadily；犹豫不决：show uncertainty
hobble	跛行，蹒跚而行：haltingly or with difficulty；阻碍，妨碍：hamper the action
一致
accommodate	提供所需（例如服务、借贷、寄宿）：provide; 改变以适应新情况、新场景：make, suitable;使和谐：free of conflicts
asymmetrical	不平衡的，不对称的：no balance, symmetry
commensurate	同样大小的：equal; 相称的，相当的：proportionate
congruent	和谐一致的：in agreement；全等的：coinciding
homogenize	使统一化：make agree single established standard
jibe	意见一致：agree
symmetry	对称：balanced proportions
equilibrium	均势，平衡：opposing forces are equal；（感情上的）平静：evenness of emotions
异常
aberrant	adj.异常的，非常规的：deviating
anomalous	不普通的,不平常的：out, ordinary; 反常的，不正常的：departing
eccentric	行为出格的，不循规蹈矩的：deviating conventional
exotic	外来的，不同寻常的：unusual
farce	（带有嘲讽元素的）滑稽戏：broadly satirical comedy；闹剧：ridiculous
grotesque	难看的：unpleasant
heterodox	非正统的，异端的：unorthodox opinions
offbeat	不平常的：different from generally found
outlandish	古怪的，奇异的：out of the ordinary, bizarre
vagary	不可预测的思想或行为：erratic, unpredictable
apparition	鬼魂，幽灵：ghostly figure
悠闲
amble	漫步，闲逛：walk slowly, leisurely, stroll
dawdle	闲荡，虚度光阴：spend time idly；拖拖拉拉：slowly
feckless	无成果的，没有价值的：having no worth；粗心不负责任的：careless
peripatetic	巡游的，四处游历的：place to place
ramble	漫步，漫游：move aimlessly；漫谈，长篇大论（并经常离题）地说或写：without a topic
saunter	闲逛，漫步：by foot
有理
incontrovertible	无可争议的：not open to question
merited	应得的，理所应当的：what is called for
plausible	看似有理的：superficially reasonable
unimpeachable	无可置疑的：unquestionable
justify	证明...的合理性，为...辩解：prove to be just, right
正常
demotic	通俗的，大众化的：common
orthodox	传统的：established form, custom, or rules
窒息
*状态变化*
变化
adapt	修改，使（适应）：modify
ameliorate	改善，改进：become better, improve
budge	（使）改变立场或态度：alter a position; 停止抵抗，屈服：cease resistance
caprice	一时冲动的决定：impulsive change; 反复无常，善变：change, impulsively
distract	转移（注意力），使分心：draw, direct different；使焦虑，使不安：trouble, uneasy；疯狂的：insane, mad
diversity	多样性：variety, multiformity；分歧，不同点：different
erratic	善变的：not constant；异常的，不同寻常的：different from the ordinary
fickle	易变的：likely to change；不忠诚的：not true in one’s allegiance
fluctuate	波动，无规则地变动：shift back and forth
garble	曲解，篡改，混淆（以至使无法理解）：distort misleading；筛选，除杂：remove
innovative	创新性的：introducing innovations
malleable	可塑的：capable of being shaped；易控制的：capable of being controlled
mercurial	（情绪）善变的：changeableness of mood
metamorphose	（使）变形：change
protean	善变的；多才多艺的：diversity, variety, versatile
recant	撤回，放弃，改变：withdraw a statement
revise	更改，修正：improve
tamper	恶意篡改，损害：mischievously；玩弄：rashly or foolishly
veer	（使）转向，（使）改变航线：change direction
vicissitude	自然变化，变迁兴衰：natural change
volatile	多变的：rapid change
whimsical	反复无常的：sudden illogical changes
改变
divert	使转向：turn, deflect；使消遣：agreeably；使分心：draw something else
remodel	改造，改变结构：alter the structure
renovate	修复，维修：restore；使重获新生，使焕然一新：bring back to life
swerve	突然改变方向：turn aside abruptly
恢复
reassure	使安心，打消疑虑：restore to confidence
rehabilitate	使复原，使康复：restore to healthy condition；（使）洗心革面：better in character
backslide	（情况等）倒退，故态复萌：revert to a worse condition
减少
abate	减轻（程度或者强度）：reduce，degree，intensity；减少（数量），降低（价值）：reduce，amount，value
abbreviate	v.缩写，缩短：briefer
abrade	磨损，精神上的折磨：wear away, by friction
abridge	缩短，缩小：shorten；在不改变本意的条件下删减词语，缩写：shorten
curtail	缩短，削减：less in extent or duration
debilitate	使衰弱：impair strength
diminish	（使）变小，（使）减少：smaller, less；轻视，贬低：lessen, belittle
dwindle	逐渐减少：gradually less
implode	（使）剧烈收缩，（使）坍塌，（使）内爆：collapse inward
languish	变得衰弱：become feeble
minimize	将…减到最少：reduce to smallest；刻意低估：underestimate；表示鄙夷：scornfully low opinion
muffle	使消声：deaden the sound
retard	减速，延迟：cause slowly
subdue	使顺从；征服：conquer
taper	（使）逐渐变细：become narrower, thinner；逐渐减少，减弱：diminish gradually
truncate	截短，缩短（时间、篇幅等）：shorten
vitiate	削弱，损害：reduce the value；（在道德、审美上）降低，堕落：debase in moral
wane	减少，衰退，降低：decrease
物理形态改变
attenuate	降低（数量、力量、价值）：lessen
blunt	使变钝：less sharp; 减弱（力度等）：weaken in strength or feeling; 直率的：direct, brief
mash	面具，伪装：display insincere；伪装，掩饰：disguise
prolong	延长，拖延：lengthen
protract	延长，拖长：lengthen, prolong
rarefy	草率的，仓促的：lack caution
stratify	将...分成各种等级：divide into classes
增加
accrete	逐渐增长：grow, gradually
balloon	迅速增加：increase
wax	月亮渐满：increase in phase of the moon；用蜡涂、处理或上光：coat；增大，增强：increase
*正向状态*
自由
desultory	无计划的，无目的的：lacking plan；令人失望的：disappointing
discursive	（谈话内容）杂乱的：without order
footloose	无拘无束的，自由的：having no attachments
carefree	无忧无虑的：no worries or troubles
*负向状态*
不幸
apocalyptic	预言的，启示的：prophetic; 重要的，转折点的：major turning
bale	痛苦，悲哀：sorrow
catastrophe	大灾难：tragedy; 彻底的失败：utter failure
infelicitous	不愉快的，不幸的：unfortunate；不恰当的，不合时宜的：not appropriate
maelstrom	漩涡：violent whirlpool；混乱、动荡的局势：turbulent
misfortune	不幸：bad fortune
mishap	不幸之事：unfortunate
untoward	倒霉的，不吉利的：not favorable, unpropitious；难以驯服的，难以驾驭的：resisting control or discipline
adversity	厄运，逆境：difficulty
calamity	大灾难：disastrous event
乏味
dreary	单调乏味的：nothing cheer；令人不悦的：causing unhappiness
drone	低沉单调地说；嗡嗡地叫：talk monotonous；（昆虫振翅般）单调嗡嗡的声音：monotonous sound；混日子：doing nothing
insipid	（食品）清淡无味的：lacking favor；平淡的，无聊的：lacking interest
monotonous	（声音）单调的：unvarying tone；清一色的，无聊的：tediously unvarying
prosaic	单调的，常见的：normal course of events
somnolence	瞌睡，嗜睡：needing sleep
stodgy	平庸的，乏味的：dull；非常守旧的：old-fashioned
vapid	无趣的，乏味的：lacking interest
humdrum	千篇一律，单调：lack of variety；无聊的，乏味的：lacking excitement
尴尬
abash	使尴尬，使羞愧：self-confidence，embarrass
embarrass	使尴尬：experience distress；阻挠，制造障碍：create difficulty
coy	故作羞涩的：flirtatiously shy or modest；不愿与人交往的，内向的：tending to avoid people
枯燥
ennui	倦怠；缺乏兴趣：listlessness, lack of interest
drab	单调的，无聊的：dullness and monotony
虚弱
effete	衰弱的，衰落的：depleted；缺乏信念的，懦弱的：lacking strength of will
feeble	衰弱的：lacking in strength
infirm	虚弱的：weak in body；不果断的，优柔寡断的：lacking firmness of will
malaise	不舒服：bodily discomfort
阴郁
dank	阴湿的：wet
solitude	孤独，避世：being alone
somber	昏暗的，无光的：shaded；悲伤的，不愉快的：lacking in cheer
wistful	（带着忧伤而）渴望的，怀念的：yearning or desire with melancholy

状态

状态

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