在Java-web项目开发过程中经常会遇到导出Word文档的业务场景。XWPFDocument是apache基金会提供的用户导出Word文档的工具类。

1、基本的概念

XWPFDocument：代表一个docx文档
XWPFParagraph：代表文档、表格、标题等种的段落，由多个XWPFRun组成
XWPFRun：代表具有同样风格的一段文本
XWPFTable：代表一个表格
XWPFTableRow：代表表格的一行
XWPFTableCell：代表表格的一个单元格
XWPFChar：表示.docx文件中的图表
XWPFHyperlink：表示超链接
XWPFPicture：代表图片
XWPFComment ：代表批注
XWPFFooter：代表页脚
XWPFHeader：代表页眉

2、jar依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>

3、Word模板

在resources资源文件夹下准备好Word模板：

image.png

模板文件设置如下：

image.png

4、Word导出工具类

public class XwpfTUtil {

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量
     *
     * @param doc    要替换的文档
     * @param params 参数
     */
    public static void replaceInPara(XWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) {
        Iterator<XWPFParagraph> iterator = doc.getParagraphsIterator();
        XWPFParagraph para;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            para = iterator.next();
            replaceInPara(para, params);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量
     *
     * @param para   要替换的段落
     * @param params 参数
     */
    public static void replaceInPara(XWPFParagraph para, Map<String, Object> params) {
        List<XWPFRun> runs;
        Matcher matcher;
        if (matcher(para.getParagraphText()).find()) {
            runs = para.getRuns();

            int start = -1;
            int end = -1;
            String str = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) {
                XWPFRun run = runs.get(i);
                String runText = run.toString();
                if ('$' == runText.charAt(0)&&'{' == runText.charAt(1)) {
                    start = i;
                }
                if ((start != -1)) {
                    str += runText;
                }
                if ('}' == runText.charAt(runText.length() - 1)) {
                    if (start != -1) {
                        end = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
                para.removeRun(i);
                i--;
                end--;
            }

            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (str.equals(key)) {
                    String param = String.valueOf(params.get(key));
                    if (param.indexOf("\n")>-1) {
                        String[] texts = param.split("\n");
                        for (int i = 0; i < texts.length; i++) {
                            para.createRun().setText(texts[i]);
                            para.createRun().addCarriageReturn();
                        }
                    } else {
                        para.createRun().setText(param);
                    }
                }
            }


        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换表格里面的变量
     *
     * @param doc    要替换的文档
     * @param params 参数
     */
    public static void replaceInTable(XWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) {
        Iterator<XWPFTable> iterator = doc.getTablesIterator();
        XWPFTable table;
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows;
        List<XWPFTableCell> cells;
        List<XWPFParagraph> paras;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            table = iterator.next();
            rows = table.getRows();
            for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {
                cells = row.getTableCells();
                for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {
                    paras = cell.getParagraphs();
                    for (XWPFParagraph para : paras) {
                        replaceInPara(para, params);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 正则匹配字符串
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private static Matcher matcher(String str) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\$\\{(.+?)\\}", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
        return matcher;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭输入流
     *
     * @param is
     */
    public static void close(InputStream is) {
        if (is != null) {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 关闭输出流
     *
     * @param os
     */
    public static void close(OutputStream os) {
        if (os != null) {
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

5、测试接口

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/export/word")
public class ExportWordController {

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public void test(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        Map<String,Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("${wxnum}","202101170001");
        params.put("${houseName}","XX小区XX栋XX号");
        params.put("${name}","张三");
        params.put("${Tel}","12345678910");
        params.put("${orderTime}","2021-01-17");
        params.put("${repairIntro}","保修内容……");

        InputStream is = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("repair.docx");
        XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument(is);
        XwpfTUtil.replaceInPara(doc, params);
        XwpfTUtil.replaceInTable(doc, params);

        String fileName = "test.docx";
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        doc.write(os);

        XwpfTUtil.close(os);
        XwpfTUtil.close(is);
    }
}

6、测试导出结果

image.png