struts2数据校验

表单数据的验证：

前台验证：主要是通过JS验证，表达数据是否合法！
后台验证：通过后台java代码进行验证!
Struts也提供了数据效验的方式！

Struts数据效验，通过拦截器完成：
<interceptor
name="validation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor"/>

代码方式验证Action中所有的方法：

1.在idea中直接创建struts项目
2.写注册页面
3.UserAction.java
4.以及实体类User.java
5.配置struts.xml

文件目录结构

图片.png

注册页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: admin
  Date: 2017/5/31
  Time: 12:07
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/user_register" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="user.userName"><br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="user.passWord"><br>
    邮箱：<input type="text" name="user.email"><br>
    生日：<input type="text" name="user.birth"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>

实体类User.java

package validation;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Created by admin on 2017/5/31.
 */
public class User {

    private String userName;
    private String passWord;
    private String email;
    private Date birth;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", passWord='" + passWord + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                '}';
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
}

action类UserAction

package validation;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
 * Created by admin on 2017/5/31.
 */
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {

    //封装数据
    private User user;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    //数据校验
    public void validateRegister() {//验证指定的方法
        //用户名
        if (user.getUserName() == null || "".equals(user.getUserName())) {
            super.addFieldError("userName", "用户名不能为空！");
        }

        //密码
        if (user.getPassWord() == null || "".equals(user.getPassWord())) {
            super.addFieldError("passWord", "密码不能为空！");
        }
    }

    //业务处理方法
    public String register(){
        System.out.println(user);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

struts.xml配置
1.配置数据效验过滤器validate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <package name="validate" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="user_*" class="validation.UserAction" method="{1}">
            <result name="success">/register.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

2.在struts.xml中引入数据校验配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <include file="validation/validate.xml"/>
</struts>

XML方式验证Action中所有的方法：

总结代码方式验证：

繁琐，设计很多重复的验证逻辑！例如：非空验证、数值验证、email、日期等。
Struts对于常用的验证，进行了封装，即提供了验证器，验证指定的常用业务逻辑！

可以在jar包里找到该文件，其路径为：\struts04\lib\xwork-core.jar!\com\opensymphony\xwork2\validator\validators\default.xml

在struts里面提供了所有通用的验证器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator Definition 1.0//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-definition-1.0.dtd">

<!-- START SNIPPET: validators-default -->
<validators>
    <validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/>
    <validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/>
    <validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/>
    <validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/>
    <validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/>
    <validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/>
    <validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/>
</validators>
<!--  END SNIPPET: validators-default -->

创建一个xml验证器，需要遵循一定的验证规则

xml文件名称语法：ActionClassName-validation.xml
注意：此xml需要与当期要验证的action在同一个目录：
举例：UserAction-validation.xml
例子

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.dtd">

<validators>
    <!--验证表的每一个字段field表示-->
    <field name="user.userName">
        <!--指定使用的验证器-->
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <!--验证错误的提示-->
            <message>用户名不能为空！</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 验证password -->
    <field name="user.passWord">

        <!-- 非空 -->
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <message>密码不能为空！</message>
        </field-validator>

        <!-- 长度 -->
        <field-validator type="stringlength">
            <param name="minLength">6</param>
            <param name="maxLength">8</param>
            <message>密码必须为6-8位！</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 验证日期 -->
    <field name="user.birth">
        <field-validator type="date">
            <message>日期格式不对！</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 验证Email -->
    <field name="user.email">
        <field-validator type="email">
            <message>邮箱格式错误！</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>
</validators>

验证：
当不遵循格式随意输出时：