Node:解决Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported的四种解决方案

问题描述：
报错：Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
报错原因：
主要是因为 nodeJs V17 版本发布了 OpenSSL3.0 对算法和秘钥大小增加了更为严格的限制，nodeJs v17 之前版本没影响，但 V17 和之后版本会出现这个错误。 我的node版本是v18+

报错详细信息：

  error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
        at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:71:19)
        at Object.createHash (node:crypto:133:10)
        at module.exports (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\util\createHash.js:135:53)
        at NormalModule._initBuildHash (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:417:16)
        at handleParseError (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:471:10)
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:503:5
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:358:12
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:373:3
        at iterateNormalLoaders (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:214:10)
        at iterateNormalLoaders (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:221:10)
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:236:3
        at runSyncOrAsync (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:130:11)
        at iterateNormalLoaders (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:232:2)
        at Array.<anonymous> (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:205:4)
        at Storage.finished (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:55:16)
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:91:9
    node:internal/crypto/hash:71
      this[kHandle] = new _Hash(algorithm, xofLen);
                      ^
     
    Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
        at module.exports (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\util\createHash.js:135:53)
        at NormalModule._initBuildHash (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:417:16)
        at handleParseError (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:471:10)
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:503:5
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:358:12
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:373:3
        at iterateNormalLoaders (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:214:10)
        at Array.<anonymous> (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:205:4)
        at Storage.finished (D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:55:16)
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:91:9
        at D:\XXX\map-edit2\font\node_modules\graceful-fs\graceful-fs.js:123:16
        at FSReqCallback.readFileAfterClose [as oncomplete] (node:internal/fs/read_file_context:68:3) {
      opensslErrorStack: [ 'error:03000086:digital envelope routines::initialization error' ],
      library: 'digital envelope routines',
      reason: 'unsupported',
      code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED'
    }
     
    Node.js v18.12.1

解决方案:

方案1：（仅限 windows）
在项目中 package.json 的 scripts 中新增 SET NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider

添加前：

  "scripts": {
    "dev": "vue-cli-service serve",
    "build:prod": "vue-cli-service build"
  },

添加后:

  "scripts": {
    "dev": "SET NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service serve",
    "build:prod": "SET NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service build"
  },

方案2：打开终端，直接输入

Linux & Mac OS：

export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider

Windows：

set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider

方案3：打开终端，直接输入（问题解决）
$env:NODE_OPTIONS="--openssl-legacy-provider"

方案4：卸载当前版本，安装合适的版本(node.js)

笔者本人是采用第一种方案解决的，大家可以试试，希望可以帮到大家。