Linux上tar.gz方式安装mysql

从官网下载linux通用版本tar.gz压缩包

安装过程

1. 解压到指定目录

   # 解压
   tar -zxvf mysql-xxx.tar.gz -C /usr/local  
   
   #重命名为mysql目录
   mv /usr/local/mysql-xxx /usr/local/mysql 
   

2. 添加mysql用户组和mysql用户

   groupadd mysql
   
   # -s /bin/false参数指定mysql用户仅拥有所有权，而没有登录权限
   useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql #
   

3. 修改当前目录拥有者为新建的mysql用户

    cd /usr/local/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql ./
   

4. 安装mysql

   # 执行成功后，会显示生成一个临时密码（请copy保存好）
   ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
   

5. 将mysql进程放入系统进程中

   cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
   

6. 启动mysql

   service mysqld start
   

可能遇到的问题

1. 运行./bin/mysql -u root -p 输入密码后报以下错误：

   Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' 
   

   解决：查找本机mysql.sock所在位置find / -name 'mysql.sock'，如在/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，然后修改mysql配置文件my.cnf，确保mysqld、client和mysql三段都设置正确的socket路径。

   [mysqld]
   datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   
   [client]
   default-character-set=utf8
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   
   [mysql]
   default-character-set=utf8
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   

2. 使用客户端如Navicat、Sequel等连接报错

   Connection Failed
   Be sure that the address is correct and that you have the necessary privileges
   MySQL said: Can't connect to MySQL server on...
   

   解决: 增加远程连接权限

   # 进入mysql, 增加权限
   mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
   mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
   
   # 如果还是不能连接，请查看防火墙是否开启，以下是centos的操作命令，其它系统请自行查找对应的命令
   systemctl stop firewalld