实现自动化服务分几步？

• 步骤一：准备工具
  • UI Automator
    • 获取节点的信息
• 步骤二：编写代码
  • AccessibilityService
    • 对指定页面进行操作

撸代码

• 首先创建服务

    public class AppAccessibilityService extends AccessibilityService {
        
        private static final String TAG = AppAccessibilityService.class.getSimpleName();
        
        // 保存当前实例，后面可以通过服务获取 AccessibilityNodeInfo
        private static AppAccessibilityService mService;
        
        @Override
        protected void onServiceConnected() {
            super.onServiceConnected();
            mService = this;
        }
  
         @Override
        public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
  
            // 获取当前整个活动窗口的根节点
            AccessibilityNodeInfo rootNode = getRootInActiveWindow();
  
            // 获取事件类型，在对应的事件类型中对相应的节点进行操作
            int eventType = event.getEventType();
            switch (eventType) {
                case AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED: 
                    LogUtil.d(TAG, "界面改变::PackageName::" + event.getPackageName() + "::ClassName::" + event.getClassName());
                    // 获取父节点
                    rootNode.getParent();
                    // 获取子节点
                    rootNode.getChild(0);
                    // 在节点上执行一个动作，通过返回值判断是否执行成功
                    boolean bool = rootNode.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
                    bool = nodeInfo.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD);
                    bool = rootNode.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD);
                    // 通过字符串查找节点元素
                    rootNode.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("");
                    // 通过视图id查找节点元素
                    rootNode.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId("");
                    break;
                case AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED:
                    LogUtil.d(TAG, "内容改变::PackageName::" + event.getPackageName() + "::ClassName::" + event.getClassName());
                    break;
                case AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_SCROLLED:
                    LogUtil.d(TAG, "滑动变化::PackageName::" + event.getPackageName() + "::ClassName::" + event.getClassName());
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
  
        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();
            mService = null;
        }
    }
  

• 编写accessibility_config.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <accessibility-service xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:accessibilityEventTypes="typeAllMask"
        android:accessibilityFeedbackType="feedbackGeneric"
        android:accessibilityFlags="flagDefault|flagRetrieveInteractiveWindows|flagIncludeNotImportantViews"
        android:canRetrieveWindowContent="true"
        android:canRequestFilterKeyEvents="true"
        android:canRequestEnhancedWebAccessibility="true"
        android:canPerformGestures="true"
        android:description="@string/device_accessibility_desc"
        android:notificationTimeout="100" />
  

• 在manifest.xml注册服务

    <service
        android:name=".service.AppAccessibilityService"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:permission="android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService" />
        </intent-filter>
  
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.accessibilityservice"
            android:resource="@xml/accessibility_config" />
    </service>
  

• 通过上面代码，已经能实现一些简单的操作啦

常见问题

• 节点无法点击

  • 解决方法，使用模拟坐标点击

      public static boolean performClick(AccessibilityService service, AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo) {
    
          if (service == null || nodeInfo == null) {
              return false;
          }
    
          Rect rect = new Rect();
          nodeInfo.getBoundsInScreen(rect);
          int x = (rect.left + rect.right) / 2;
          int y = (rect.top + rect.bottom) / 2;
    
          Point point = new Point(x, y);
          GestureDescription.Builder builder = new GestureDescription.Builder();
          Path path = new Path();
          path.moveTo(point.x, point.y);
          builder.addStroke(new GestureDescription.StrokeDescription(path, 0L, 100L));
          GestureDescription gesture = builder.build();
    
          boolean isDispatched = service.dispatchGesture(gesture, new AccessibilityService.GestureResultCallback() {
              @Override
              public void onCompleted(GestureDescription gestureDescription) {
                  super.onCompleted(gestureDescription);
                  LogUtil.d(TAG, "dispatchGesture onCompleted: 完成...");
              }
    
              @Override
              public void onCancelled(GestureDescription gestureDescription) {
                  super.onCancelled(gestureDescription);
                  LogUtil.d(TAG, "dispatchGesture onCancelled: 取消...");
              }
          }, null);
    
          return isDispatched;
      }
    

• 界面事件无响应
  • 解决方法，使用超时处理机制
    • 建立一个定时器，去判断当前界面是否超时，然后进行超时处理（判断当前位于哪个界面，获取根节点，模拟操作）
• 事件响应重复，导致方法执行多次
  • 解决方法，使用延迟
    • 触发了事件后，使用Handler进行延迟处理，等待事件都响应完后，主动获取根节点，模拟操作