我的RHCSA的第一次作业

一
1.获得虚拟机的ip地址

[root@lzw ~]ip a
1:1o:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group defaul
t qlen 1000
link/1 oopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:o0:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 :1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2:ens160:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group de
fault qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:c1:c4:8c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
altname enp3s0
inet 192.168.233.128/24 brd 192.168.233.255 scope global dynamic noprefixrou
te ens160
valid_lft 1356sec preferred_lft 1356sec
inet6 fe80:20c:29ff:fec1:c48c/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@lzw ~]AC
[root@lzw ~]

2、获得当前系统的时间

[root@lzw ~]# date +%H:%M:%S
16:56:43

3、设置当前的时间为2023年1月1日12:00

[root@lzw ~]# date -s "2023-01-01 12:00:00"
Sun Jan  1 12:00:00 PM CST 2023

4、从当前目录切换到/root/home目录，并查看/root/home下有哪些文件和目录

[root@lzw ~]# cd /root/home
-bash: cd: /root/home: Not a directory
[root@lzw ~]# ls /root/home
/root/home

5、打印当前的路径

[root@lzw ~]# pwd /root/home
/root

二、
1、创建/root/dir1/dir2目录

[root@lzw ~]# mkdir -p /root/dir1/dir2

2、在/root下创建guazai1、guazai2、guazai3......一直到guazai10目录

[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai1
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai2
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai3
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai4
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai5
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai6
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai7
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai8
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai9
[root@lzw ~]#  mkdir /root/guazai10

3、删除/root/dir1/dir2目录

[root@lzw ~]# rm -rf /root/dir1/dir2

4、在当前路径下创建以你名字命名的文件

[root@lzw ~]# touch /root/lzw.txt
或
[root@lzw ~]# vim lzw.txt

5、查看/etc/passwd文件的内容，并过滤出包含root的行

[root@lzw ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep root
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin

6、使用 echo 命令输出"Hello, World!"到屏幕上。

[root@lzw ~]# echo "Hello,World!"
Hello,World!

7、提取/etc/passwd第一列的内容

[root@lzw ~]# cut -d ':' -f 1 /etc/passwd
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
operator
games
ftp
nobody
tss
systemd-coredump
dbus
polkitd
avahi
colord
rtkit
pipewire
clevis
sssd
geoclue
flatpak
setroubleshoot
libstoragemgmt
gdm
cockpit-wsinstance
gnome-initial-setup
sshd
chrony
dnsmasq
tcpdump
redhat

8、为/root/anaconda-ks.cfg 文件创建软链接到/下并命名为a.cfg

[root@lzw ~]# ln -s /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /a.cfg
[root@lzw ~]# ls -l /
total 28
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root   21 Jan  1 12:27 a.cfg -> /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
dr-xr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 Jun 25  2024 afs
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 Jun 25  2024 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x.   5 root root 4096 Jan  9  2025 boot
drwxr-xr-x.  20 root root 3440 Jan 11  2025 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 135 root root 8192 Jan 11  2025 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   20 Jan  9  2025 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 Jun 25  2024 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    9 Jun 25  2024 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 Jun 25  2024 media
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   18 Jan  9  2025 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 Jun 25  2024 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 373 root root    0 Jan 11  2025 proc
dr-xr-x---.  18 root root 4096 Jan  1 12:26 root
drwxr-xr-x.  46 root root 1180 Jan 11  2025 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    8 Jun 25  2024 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 Jun 25  2024 srv
dr-xr-xr-x.  13 root root    0 Jan 11  2025 sys
drwxrwxrwt.  22 root root 4096 Jan  1 12:26 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  12 root root  144 Jan  9  2025 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  20 root root 4096 Jan  9  2025 var
[root@lzw ~]# cat /a.cfg
# Generated by Anaconda 34.25.5.9
# Generated by pykickstart v3.32
#version=RHEL9
# Use graphical install
graphical
repo --name="AppStream" --baseurl=file:///run/install/sources/mount-0000-cdrom/AppStream

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8

# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom

%packages
@^graphical-server-environment

%end

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable

# Generated using Blivet version 3.6.0
ignoredisk --only-use=nvme0n1
autopart
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel

# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --utc

# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$gtl1K/NzMs3qoiFV$WvNCuJJy7HYs/FQJuAFjdyarFZDyL0iJmofkbii2PIvUe0nANcO5kAJYXtxWyNCWhw5PJCD3tD7k0udM4XtqZ0
user --name=redhat --password=$6$poB7YgXrYnNGbLOT$jZIaWI.bEXzbfLhkdq2BgU4nFm3217.kTQIw7PZdzrD0iKa2dh1wt9RQGr2WPPAzavJSSvLep6SMzUA0R/NEC0 --iscrypted --gecos="redhat"

9、复制/etc/shadow文件到/root下

[root@lzw ~]# cp /etc/shadow /root/

10、查找以repo结尾的文件

[root@lzw ~]# find / -name "*.repo"
find: ‘/proc/1092/task/1092/net’: Invalid argument
find: ‘/proc/1092/net’: Invalid argument
/run/media/root/RHEL-9-5-0-BaseOS-x86_64/media.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo
/var/lib/rhsm/repo_server_val/redhat.repo
/usr/share/rhel/secrets/redhat.repo

11、把/etc/gshadow 和/root/home打包压缩为/root/ys.tar.gz

[root@lzw ~]# tar -czvf /root/ys.tar.gz /etc/gshadow /root/home
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/etc/gshadow
tar: Removing leading `/' from hard link targets
/root/home